Transcript Covalent Bonding - Kenwood Academy Chemistry

Monday, February 9th, 2014
Classroom expectations: HW: Agenda Questions/Simulation
1.Wear Kenwood ID.
Objective 6: We will create Lewis dot
2.Cell phones, music
players, and headphones structures for covalent compounds.
are put away.
Catalyst: Name the following:
3.Food is disposed of or
a.) CCl4
put away.
4.Dressed appropriately. b.) MgO
5.Notebook is out and you
are ready for today’s class. c.) N2O
***Table of Contents
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Week 22 Catalyst (*draw in NB)
Week 22 Agenda (*online)
Drawing Covalent Compounds
Molecular Geometry (VSEPR)
114
115
116
117
Announcements
• Tutoring today.
• Simulation/Agenda Questions due
Friday!!! (Turn this in early!!!)
• Quiz tomorrow over covalent/ionic
properties (study both sides of pg
109!) and naming (study 112 and
113!)
Agenda
• Catalyst/Announcements
• Notes on how to draw covalent
compounds.
• Practice drawing covalent
compounds.
Homework Check
7.) Ionic
v.
High melting pt
not malleable
conducts electricity
in water
Covalent
Low melting pt
not malleable
does not conduct
electricity in
water
Homework Check
8) a. H2O
b. PH3
c. CCl4
d. CO2
Homework Check
8) e. Cl2O7
f. Si2Br6
g. NO3
h. P3O5
Homework Check
9) a. dinitrogen pentoxide
b. carbon tetrahydride
c. nitrogen dioxide
d. hexacarbon hexahydride
Homework Check
9) e. selenium hexabromide
f. boron trifluoride
g. carbon monoxide
h. bromine trioxide
Review
What’s wrong with this picture?
Review.
• How would you draw a Lewis dot
structure for NaCl?
Review.
• Why do we put brackets around
the chlorine atom in NaCl?
Review.
• How are covalent bonds different
from ionic bonds?
CO2
• Carbon dioxide is the gas that we
exhale out of our bodies each
and everyday. Although it is
invisible to our eyes, it does have
a distinct structure. So what does
CO2 look like anyway???
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
1.) Determine the
total number of
valence electrons ALL
of the atoms have.
Example
CO2 = C + O + O
4 + 6 + 6
CO2 has 16 e-
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
2.) Determine the
total number of
valence electrons ALL
of the atoms want.
Example
CO2 = C + O + O
8 + 8 + 8
CO2 wants 24 e-
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
3.) Calculate the
number of electrons
the compound will
share.
Equation:
wants – has = shared
Example
24 – 16 = 8
8 e- will be
shared in CO2
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
Example
4.) Determine the central atom.
•Single atom
•Carbon
•Least Electronegative atom
C
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
5.) Put the central atom in
the middle and write the
other atoms around.
Example
O C O
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
6.) Draw a single bond
between the central atom
and the outer atoms.
Example
O C O
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
7.) Check your structure to
make sure enough electrons
are being shared. If not,
draw in more bonds.
Example
CO2 shares 8 e-
O C O
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
8.) Fill in the non-bonding
electrons on the outside
atoms to fulfill the octet rule.
(Remember: Hydrogen only
needs 2 electrons!)
Example
CO2 has 16 e-
O C O
Steps for Drawing
Covalent Compounds
Steps
DISCUSS: Do all of the atoms
have the number of electrons
that they want???
Example
CO2 has 16 e-
O C O
Additional Examples
• Trioxide – also called Ozone (O3)
• Cyanide (CN-)
Practice
• Work with your elbow partner to
answer practice problems 1-12.
Tuesday, February 10th, 2015
Classroom expectations: HW: Agenda Questions/Simulation
1.Wear Kenwood ID.
Objective 6: We will create Lewis dot
2.Cell phones, music
players, and headphones structures for covalent compounds.
are put away.
3.Food is disposed of or
Catalyst: Open your notebooks to page
put away.
4.Dressed appropriately. 116 and complete problems 1-6 on the
5.Notebook is out and you second page.
are ready for today’s class.
***Table of Contents
2/10
Nonpolar, Polar, and Ionic Bonds
118
Wednesday, February 11th, 2015
Classroom expectations: HW: Agenda Questions/Simulation
1.Wear Kenwood ID.
Objective 6: We will create Lewis dot
2.Cell phones, music
players, and headphones structures for covalent compounds.
are put away.
3.Food is disposed of or
Catalyst: Open your notebooks to page
put away.
4.Dressed appropriately. 116 and next to all of your Lewis dot
5.Notebook is out and you structures:
are ready for today’s class.
***Table of Contents
2/10
a.) Write nonpolar or polar.
b.) Write the name of the geometry
they would form.
Nonpolar, Polar, and Ionic Bonds
118
Announcements
• No Tutoring Today
• Simulation/Agenda Questions due
Friday!!! (Turn this in early!!!)
• Quiz pushed back to tomorrow over
covalent/ionic properties (study both
sides of pg 109!) and naming (study
112 and 113!)
Agenda
• Catalyst/Announcements
• Practice drawing covalent
compounds.
• Molecular Geometries
• Polarity
Nonpolar Covalent,
Polar Covalent, and
Ionic Bonds
118
DEMO
• Why doesn’t oil and water mix?
DEMO
• Water is a POLAR molecule.
• Oil is a NONPOLAR molecule.
Observe
• Open your notebooks to page
117.
• Observe. What are some
differences you notice between
polar and nonpolar molecules?
Observe
• Open your notebooks to page
117.
• Observe. What are some
differences you notice between
polar and nonpolar molecules?
Nonpolar Molecules
• Nonpolar molecules are
symmetrical. They look the same
on all sides.
Polar Molecules
• Polar molecules are
asymmetrical. Both sides of a
molecule are not mirror images
of one another.
“Polar”
• A pole refers to 2
sides with a
different charge.
• Example: earth’s
magnetic field
“Polar”
• A pole refers to 2
sides with a
different charge.
• Example:
magnets
“Polar”
• A pole refers to 2
sides with a
different charge.
• Example:
polar molecules
Why don’t oil and water mix?
• Water is polar. Therefor it has a charge.
Other molecules with a charge will
react with water and dissolve.
• Vegetable oil is nonpolar. It does not
have a charge and does not react with
water.
Vegetable oil
Water