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Access to electronic scientific information:
policies, strategies and programmes
The Brazilian experience
Elenara Chaves Edler de Almeida
Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education
What is Capes?
• a foundation attached to Ministry of Education
• created in 1951
• mission “to improve the quality of higher
education institutions in Brazil”
• 1,220 PhD and 2,150 MSc programmes
• 150,000 students enrolled, 30,000 faculty
What does Capes do?
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•
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•
support to graduate programmes in Brazil
evaluation of graduate courses
support to institutional faculty training programmes
granting of international and national scholarships
promotion of international cooperation
development of special programmes in strategic fields
assessment of graduate programmes
• 7,000 PhD and 25,000 MSc degrees awarded last year
• access to scientific information
Portal Periódicos Capes
Objectives
• to provide free and universal access to scientific
information to authorized users in participating
institutions
• to offer the best and most complete collection as
possible with the available resources
• to provide the same level of scientific information to
institutions and regions all over the country
• to enhance the internationalization of the Brazilian
academic community
• to increase the quantity, quality and visibility of the
Brazilian scientific production
Why ?
• Since 1994 Capes is responsible for aquisition of
bibliografic material for Federal Universities
• 1995 – Capes sent money to institutions to buy your
own journals
• 1997 – Aquisition was made by CAPES for 75
federal institutions – it cost USD 21 millions/year and
the content was 33,000 subscriptions
• 1999 – Capes had a strong cut in your budget - USD
9,9 millions (crisis = opportunity)
• 2000 – The Portal was created
To Whom?
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•
•
•
More than 1,3 million users
Undergraduate and graduate students
Faculty and researchers
183 institutions:
• Federal universities and colleges
• Research institutes with graduate programmes rated 3 or more by the
CAPES evaluation system (1-7)
• State and municipal public universities and institutions with graduate
programmes rated 3 or more by the CAPES evaluation system (1-7)
• Private universities and research institutions with graduate programmes at
the doctoral level rated 5 or more by the CAPES evaluation system (1-7)
• Technological colleges
Collection
• Full Text Databases
– more than 10,520 journals
– files dating back to 1879
–
guarantee of access to the subscribed
publications
• Abstract Databases
- 121 databases in a variety of subject areas Biological,
CAB, EconLit, FSTA, Georef,
MathSci, Philosopher’s,
MLA,
Sociological, PsycInfo, Compendex, WoS,
DII, and SciFinder Scholar (CAS Chemical
Abstracts Service).
Collection Profile
Linguistics,
Language and Arts
4.0%
Agriculture Sciences
4.1%
Enviromental
Sciences
1.1%
Multidisciplinary
0.6%
Social Sciences
19.7%
Biological Sciences
10.5%
Engeneering
10.9%
Life Sciences
17.0%
Exacts and Earth
Sciences
14.1%
Human Sciences
17.9%
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Numbers of titles
Journal Collection
2000 to 2006
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Access to Full Text Databases - 2005/2006
1.600.000
1.400.000
1.200.000
1.000.000
800.000
600.000
400.000
200.000
0
jul/05
ago/05
set/05
out/05
nov/05
dez/05
jan/06
fev/06
mar/06
abr/06
mai/06
jun/06
SCIENCE DIRECT
OVID
BLACKWELL
HIGHWIRE PRESS
IEEE
ACS
NATURE
AIP
OXFORD
SPRINGER
ABI
KLUWER
ACM
GALE
SAGE
ANNUAL REVIEWS
WILSON
CAMBRIDGE
EMERALD
OECD
BIoONE
IoP
CINAHL with Full Text
SocINDEX with Full Text
ECCO
Inf. Science & Techn. Abstracts (ISTA)
Pre-CINAHL
Library, Inf. Science & Tec. Abstracts
Access to Abstract Databases - 2005/2006
2.500.000
2.000.000
1.500.000
1.000.000
500.000
0
jul/05
ago/05
set/05
out/05
nov/05
dez/05
jan/06
fev/06
mar/06
abr/06
mai/06
jun/06
SILVER PLATTER
Wilson Referencial
WOS
ABI REFERENCIAL
CSA
SCINFINDER (CAS)
COMPENDEX
DII
SCOPUS
CINAHL with Full Text
SocINDEX with Full Text
Inf. Science & Techn. Abstracts (ISTA)
Library, Inf. Science & Tec. Abstracts
RILM Abstracts of Music Literature
Pre-CINAHL
RIPM - Ret. Index to Music Periodicals
Access to Databases
13
,7
54
,2
26
35,000,000
Full Text Databases
Abstract Databases
13
,0
99
,4
71
30,000,000
7,
24
5,
30
4
25,000,000
7,
50
0,
05
4
20,000,000
15,000,000
11
,2
48
,4
54
18
,9
75
,4
65
13
,7
63
,6
61
9,
94
8,
62
7
1,
76
9,
76
5
2,
56
7,
77
4
10,000,000
1,
30
8,
58
0
4,
10
4,
44
4
5,000,000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006*
Number of downloaded articles per publisher – 2005
Total of downloaded articles – 13,995,454
SPRINGER & KLUWER
473
OXFORD
2,081
IEEE
3,042
BLACKWELL
1,341
CAMBRIDGE
369
SAGE
328
EMERALD
267
ABI
200
GALE
112
ACM
1,518
WILSON
59
OECD
19
NATURE
27,036
ANNUAL REVIEWS 3,411
SCIENCE DIRECT
3,707
OVID
3,928
AIP
8,181
ACS
11,467
HIGHWIRE PRESS
26,710
6.00
4.47
Cost per Article
(downloads)
2001 to 2005
4.00
3.00
1.98
2.00
1.25
1.32
1.00
0.00
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2.50
Cost of Research
1.96
2.00
Cost per Research
(reference)
2001 to 2005
Cost in U$
Cost in U$
5.00
Cost of full text
4.85
1.50
1.00
0.77
0.50
0.38
0.34
0.38
0.00
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
How are the journal titles selected
to be part of the Portal?
All the suggestions received are analyzed by the Coordination of the
Portal Periodicos Capes and by the Advisory Board of the Programme,
taking into account the following criteria:
• Graduate programmes: number of courses, levels, faculty,
students, productivity and other characteristics per area
• Collection size and use per area
• Subject equilibrium of the collection
• Number of requests of individual titles by users
• Financial resources available
• Legal and operational constraints for international contracts
• impact factor of the publication, according to the Journal Citation
Reports of ISI (Institute for Scientific Information)
• other matters that may interfere in the selection of the journal title
Which are the Benefits?
• Staff: Reduction of the number of professionals
involved in processing activities (import, distribution
and cataloguing of journals)
• Physical structure: Reduction of storage space in
institutions
• Print vs electronic: Reduction in the subscription
cost
• Collection development:
1998 – 33,000 print subscriptions
2006 - the equivalent of 2,000,000
electronic subscriptions
How is the Access?
• Access to databases is authorized via the IP
addresses of computers located in participating
institutions
• Remote access to researchers should be
provided by the institutions
Impacts of the Portal
Technological and Scientific Impact
•
It supllies the demands from academic, productive and governmental sectors.
•
It promotes quantitative and qualitative growth of national scientific production
and the improvement of the Brazilian position in the world science and
technology ranking.
Economical impact
•
The cost of e-resources is lower than the cost to equip the institutions with print
journals
•
Lower cost per research
•
Increase in the cost-effectiveness of the Programme
Social Impact
•
Democratization of scientific and technological information, providing all
institutions access to the same collection.
The Evolution of Scientific Production (ISI) of Latin America by
Countries
1981 - 2005
18,000
16,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
ARGENTINA
BRAZIL
MEXICO
VENEZUELA
20
05
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
89
19
87
19
85
19
83
0
19
81
Numbers of papers
14,000
CHILE
Biggest Challenges
• Increasing number of institutions that reach the
requisites for access;
• Pressure by the editors to provide packs of titles;
• Percentage increase in renewal subscriptions;
• Capes is the only financier of the cost (USD 32
millions/year);
• Transferences of titles from one editor to another
difficult the continuity of the collection..
Where are we going?
• publications of important scientific and academic
publishers still need to be represented in the
collection
• administrative and legal constraints to buy from
small publishers have to be solved
• cross search engine (maze effect) will be available
• training, training and more training has to be done
• extending access to other Latin American countries
Thank you for your attention!
[email protected]
www.periodicos.capes.gov.br