Transcript SSAC2006.Q199.CC1.2 Core Quantitative concept

SSAC2006.Q199.CC1.2
Is It Hot in Here?
Spreadsheeting Conversions in the English
and the Metric Systems
Core Quantitative concept and skill
Number sense: Unit conversions
In the lab, all measurements are done
using the metric system (SI System).
This module will familiarize you with the
SI units of mass, volume, and
temperature.
Prepared for SSAC by
Cheryl Coolidge - Colby-Sawyer College
Supporting Quantitative concepts and
skills
• Number sense: Scientific notation;
ratios; order of magnitude
• Algebra: Rearranging equations
• Graphs: XY (scatter); trend line
• Function: Linear
© The Washington Center for Improving the Quality of Undergraduate Education. All rights reserved. 2006
1
Overview of Module
The process of unit conversion allows you to convert a quantity from one system of
measurement to another, or to convert within a system of measurement. Some cases,
such as temperature scales, require using known formulas.
Slide 3 presents the problem for you to solve.
Slides 4 - 6 introduce you to the use of spreadsheets to perform calculations
efficiently.
Slide 7 explains the use of conversion factors.
Slides 8 and 9 provide you with the metric prefixes and review scientific
notation.
Slides 10 – 12 require you to create spreadsheets to perform conversions of
temperature, volume, and mass.
Slide 13 asks you to create an XY scatter graph using your mass
conversions, and to add a trendline to your graph.
Slide 14 gives you the opportunity to practice using trendlines with the
temperature conversions and introduces you to the TREND function.
Slides 15 – 16 contain the end of module assignments.
2
Problem
The metric system is used to
record measurements in most
industrial countries of the world
and in science laboratories in all
countries. This module will allow
you to become more familiar with
metric units and to learn how to
perform conversions.
1. Suppose you are instructed to weigh out 60 grams of
sodium chloride (table salt). Will that make your French
fries salty?
2. Suppose your dorm room is 55 degrees Celsius. Should
you get facilities to help you?
3. Suppose your next door neighbor offers you 25 milliliters
of Sam Adams for $5.00. Will you have a good party?
3
Getting Ready: Using a Spreadsheet – Data Input
Skip to Slide 7 if you are comfortable with Excel
A spreadsheet is an easy
way to perform calculations.
The numbers in Cells B3
through B7 can just be typed
in. As an alternative, Excel
can do this for you. Type in
the first three values then
highlight them (B3 through
B5) and place the cursor at
the bottom right of the last
highlighted cell until you see
a small cross. Hold down the
left mouse button, drag the
pattern through as many cells
as you want, and release the
button to fill the cells. Excel
recognizes the pattern from
the first three cells and
copies it.
Click here to skip ahead
A
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
A
C
2 =B3*2
4
6
8
10
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
D
If you want to multiply each
of these numbers by 2, a
formula can be created to
perform this task. In Cell
C3, you type the formula as
shown. (All formulas begin
with =.)
C
2
4
6
8
10
D
4
8
12
16
20
You can copy the formula
by clicking on Cell C3 and
placing the cursor on the
bottom right-hand corner
of the cell until you see a
small cross.
You then drag the cursor
down the column, and
your results will be
4
displayed.
Getting Ready: Using a Spreadsheet – Calculation Input
A
Suppose you always want to
divide the numbers in
Column C by the same
number – let’s use 10 for an
example. You could create
a formula (=C3/10) for the
first cell in Column C, and
drag it down Column D as
described in Slide 5.
Suppose, though, that you
want to divide by a value in
a particular cell. So that you
don’t have to change the
formula for each value in
Column C, you can
reference the cell (here, C9)
in the formula. In your
formula, you refer to this cell
as an “absolute” (or “fixed”)
cell whose position doesn’t
change when you copy the
formula. To indicate that this
cell is absolute, precede
both the column and the row
number with a dollar sign.
B
C
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
D
divide
4 =c3/$c$9
8
12
16
20
You can make a graph by
highlighting a block of data
(here, from B3 to C7) and
then clicking on the chart
wizard button:
You select a graph type
(in this case, an XY-scatter
plot connected by smooth
lines) and follow the
directions. Voila! A graph!
10
When the formula in Cell D3 is
copied, the cell referenced in
the numerator of the formula will
adjust row by row, but the cell
referenced in the denominator
remains constant.
25
20
15
A
B
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
C
D
divide
4
8
12
16
20
10
10
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
5
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
5
Getting Ready: Using a Spreadsheet – Number Formatting
A
Depending on the default
settings of the version of
Excel you are using, the
values generated by your
equations may display an
unnecessary number of
decimal places.
To fix this, right-click on the
cell or group of cells you
wish to change and choose
“Format Cells” from the popup menu. Select the
“Number” tab, and choose
“Number” from the
“Category” list, if not already
selected. In the “Decimal
places” scroll box that
appears on the right, type in
the number of decimal
places you would like to
use.
B
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
C
4
8
12
16
20
D
divide
0.40000
0.80000
1.20000
1.60000
2.00000
10
When working with percentages in
Excel, it is best to treat them as
decimals rather than values greater
than 1 (e.g., 0.51 instead of 51%).
Multiplying your decimals by 100 to
obtain percents can, at times,
needlessly complicate your equations
and hinder Excel’s ability to understand
what you’re trying to calculate.
To tell Excel to display the result as a
percent, simply highlight the cells with
your decimals, and follow the formatting
directions previously discussed.
However, instead of choosing “Number”
from the “Category” list, choose
“Percentage”, and select the number of
additional decimal places you wish to
use.
A
B
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
A
A
C
D
divide
4
8
12
16
20
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
10
B
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
C
B
2
3
2
4
4
5
6
6
8
7
10
8
9 divide by
C
D
divide
4
8
12
16
20
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2
10
4
8
12
16
20
D
divide
40%
80%
120%
160%
200%
10
6
Getting ready: conversion factors
A conversion factor is a ratio that expresses an equality between two units. For example,
there are 12 inches per foot. This fact can be stated as an equation: 12 inches = 1 foot.
The equation can be rearranged to produce two conversion factors, each equal to one:
12 inches =1
1 foot
and
1 foot
=1
12 inches
The form of a
ratio is always
Numerator
Denominator
Multiplying a number by a conversion factor is essentially multiplying the number by one,
which does not change the amount that the number represents.
3×2=3
You choose the form of your conversion factor based on what units you need to
2
eliminate and what units you want in your final answer. If you were converting 100
and
3 × ft = 3
ft
inches to feet, the correct form of the conversion factor should have the desired unit
(feet) and its associated number (1) in the numerator, and the unwanted unit (inches)
and its number (12) in the denominator. When you multiply your starting value of 100
inches by the conversion factor, you end up with inches in the numerator and inches in
the denominator, which is a quantity equal to one that can be eliminated:
100 inches × 1 foot = 100 inches × 1 foot = 100 × 1 foot = 8.33 feet
12 inches 12 inches
12
Note – You can “chain” conversion factors as needed. If you wanted to convert inches to
miles, you could use one factor to convert inches to feet, followed by a second factor
converting feet to miles.
7
Getting ready: The metric prefixes
Common Metric Prefixes
Prefix
giga
mega
kilo
no prefix
centi
milli
micro
nano
Symbol
G
M
k
c
m
μ
n
Value
1,000,000,000
1,000,000
1,000
1
0.01
0.001
0.000001
0.000000001
Power
10+9
10+6
10+3
1
10-2
10-3
10-6
10-9
An advantage of the using these prefixes is you can
modify a multitude of units with the same prefix. For
example: a kilogram is equal to 1000 grams (mass), a
kilosecond is equal to 1000 seconds (time), a
kilometer is equal to 1000 meters (length).
The use of the prefixes enables you to avoid
excessively large or excessively small numbers. For
example, 0.00000000345 grams is easier to read as
3.45 nanograms.
The metric system is based on powers of 10. Each change of one decimal place (one exponent) represents a
ten-fold difference – 103 is ten times as large as 102, or one order of magnitude larger. The difference
between a Megabyte and a Gigabyte is three orders of magnitude, or a 1000-fold difference.
Very large or small numbers are often represented using scientific notation. To convert a very large positive
number to scientific notation, move the decimal point to the left from its original position and place it after
the first digit, then count how many places that the decimal was moved. This counted number becomes the
positive exponent: 345678 is 3.34567×105. To convert a very small number to scientific notation, move the
decimal point to the right from its original location, place it after the first nonzero digit, and count how many
places you moved the decimal point. The counted number is your negative exponent: 0.000678 is 6.78×104. In Excel, numbers in scientific notation are input as follows. In a number like 3.2×105, the “×10” is
represented as “E”, thus 3.2E+5. A number with a negative exponent, such as 7.44×10-3, becomes 7.44E-3
in Excel.
8
Getting ready: metric conversions
One of the biggest advantages of the metric system is that you do not need to use complicated
ratios to change from one unit to another. All conversions are based on powers of 10, unlike the
English system, where conversions are quite cumbersome (12 inches/foot, 5280 feet/mile).
Once you have a feel for the units of the metric system, you do not need to use conversion
ratios. Simply look at the difference (absolute value) between the exponents of the unit you
are converting from and the unit you are converting to. For example, suppose that you want
to convert 7.11 milligrams to kilograms. The difference between the exponent in kilograms
(+3) and the exponent in milligrams (-3) is 6. If the unit you are converting from is SMALLER
than the unit you are converting to (as in the example), multiply the original value by 10negative
difference to convert to the new unit. If the unit you are converting from is LARGER than the
new unit, multiply the original value by 10positive difference to convert to the new unit. Therefore,
7.11 milligrams is equal to 7.11×10-6 kilograms. In Excel, you would multiply 7.11 by 1E-6 to
make the conversion. If the number you are converting is already in scientific notation, add
the difference between the exponents to the existing exponent if you are converting to a
smaller unit, or subtract the difference if converting to a larger unit. Thus, converting
7.11×102 milligrams to kilograms will give you 7.11×10-4 kilograms (the original exponent of 2
minus the difference of 6).
Explain how to perform the following conversions and record your answers.
1. 66 grams to centigrams
2. 7.524 kiloliters to microliters
3. 856 nanograms to milligrams
9
Temperature conversions
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
B
C
Fahrenheit
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
Celsius
-23.33
-20.56
-17.78
-15
-12.22
-9.444
-6.667
-3.889
-1.111
1.6667
4.4444
7.2222
10
12.778
15.556
18.333
21.111
23.889
26.667
29.444
32.222
35
37.778
40.556
43.333
46.111
48.889
51.667
54.444
57.222
60
62.778
65.556
The equations that allow you
to convert between
Fahrenheit and Celsius
temperatures are:
F = (9/5)× C+32 and
C = (5/9×(F-32))
= cell with a number in it
Your dorm room is 55
degrees Celsius.
Should you get
facilities to help you?
You can answer this
question by building a
spreadsheet containing a
formula converting
Fahrenheit to Celsius.
= cell with a formula in it
Start this spreadsheet by creating the series of Fahrenheit numbers
in Column B. Remember, Excel will recognize this pattern for you
so you just have to copy the first three cells in Column B through
Row 36. Create the formula needed for the conversion to Celsius in
Cell C4 and copy the formula through Row 36.
Recreate this spreadsheet.
What is the approximate Fahrenheit equivalent of 55 degrees
Celsius? Should you call facilities? Record your answer.
10
Volume conversions
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
B
milliliters
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
C
D
liters microliters
0.005
5000
0.01
10000
0.015
15000
0.02
20000
0.025
25000
0.03
30000
0.035
35000
0.04
40000
0.045
45000
0.05
50000
0.055
55000
0.06
60000
0.065
65000
0.07
70000
0.075
75000
0.08
80000
0.085
85000
0.09
90000
0.095
95000
0.1
100000
0.105
105000
0.11
110000
0.115
115000
0.12
120000
0.125
125000
0.13
130000
0.135
135000
0.14
140000
0.145
145000
0.15
150000
E
quarts
0.0053
0.0106
0.0159
0.0212
0.0265
0.0318
0.0371
0.0424
0.0477
0.053
0.0583
0.0636
0.0689
0.0742
0.0795
0.0848
0.0901
0.0954
0.1007
0.106
0.1113
0.1166
0.1219
0.1272
0.1325
0.1378
0.1431
0.1484
0.1537
0.159
F
gallons
0.00133
0.00265
0.00398
0.0053
0.00663
0.00795
0.00928
0.0106
0.01193
0.01325
0.01458
0.0159
0.01723
0.01855
0.01988
0.0212
0.02253
0.02385
0.02518
0.0265
0.02783
0.02915
0.03048
0.0318
0.03313
0.03445
0.03578
0.0371
0.03843
0.03975
G
H
cups tablespoons
0.0212
0.3392
0.0424
0.6784
0.0636
1.0176
0.0848
1.3568
0.106
1.696
0.1272
2.0352
0.1484
2.3744
0.1696
2.7136
0.1908
3.0528
0.212
3.392
0.2332
3.7312
0.2544
4.0704
0.2756
4.4096
0.2968
4.7488
0.318
5.088
0.3392
5.4272
0.3604
5.7664
0.3816
6.1056
0.4028
6.4448
0.424
6.784
0.4452
7.1232
0.4664
7.4624
0.4876
7.8016
0.5088
8.1408
0.53
8.48
0.5512
8.8192
0.5724
9.1584
0.5936
9.4976
0.6148
9.8368
0.636
10.176
Your next door
neighbor offers you 25
milliliters of Sam
Adams for $5.00. Will
you have a good party?
There are 16
tablespoons in a
cup, 4 cups in a
quart, 4 quarts in a
gallon, and 1 liter is
equal to 1.06
quarts.
As before, use a spreadsheet
to convert to familiar units.
Create a column of milliliters,
starting with 5 mls and
incrementing by 5 mls till you
have 150 mls.
= Cell with a number
= Cell with a formula
Recreate this spreadsheet, starting on
a new sheet.
So, how many tablespoons are in 25
mls? Will you invite this neighbor to
your party?
11
Mass conversions
Will 60 grams of sodium chloride make my French fries salty?
B
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
C
D
E
F
G
grams pounds ounces kilograms milligrams nanograms
5
0.011
0.176
0.005
5000 5.00E+09
10
0.022
0.352
0.010
10000 1.00E+10
15
0.033
0.529
0.015
15000 1.50E+10
20
0.044
0.705
0.020
20000 2.00E+10
25
0.055
0.881
0.025
25000 2.50E+10
30
0.066
1.057
0.030
30000 3.00E+10
35
0.077
1.233
0.035
35000 3.50E+10
40
0.088
1.410
0.040
40000 4.00E+10
45
0.099
1.586
0.045
45000 4.50E+10
50
0.110
1.762
0.050
50000 5.00E+10
55
0.121
1.938
0.055
55000 5.50E+10
60
0.132
2.115
0.060
60000 6.00E+10
65
0.143
2.291
0.065
65000 6.50E+10
70
0.154
2.467
0.070
70000 7.00E+10
75
0.165
2.643
0.075
75000 7.50E+10
80
0.176
2.819
0.080
80000 8.00E+10
85
0.187
2.996
0.085
85000 8.50E+10
90
0.198
3.172
0.090
90000 9.00E+10
95
0.209
3.348
0.095
95000 9.50E+10
100
0.220
3.524
0.100
100000 1.00E+11
105
0.231
3.700
0.105
105000 1.05E+11
110
0.242
3.877
0.110
110000 1.10E+11
115
0.253
4.053
0.115
115000 1.15E+11
120
0.264
4.229
0.120
120000 1.20E+11
125
0.275
4.405
0.125
125000 1.25E+11
130
0.286
4.581
0.130
130000 1.30E+11
135
0.297
4.758
0.135
135000 1.35E+11
140
0.308
4.934
0.140
140000 1.40E+11
145
0.319
5.110
0.145
145000 1.45E+11
150
0.330
5.286
0.150
150000 1.50E+11
155
0.341
5.463
0.155
155000 1.55E+11
160
0.352
5.639
0.160
160000 1.60E+11
165
0.363
5.815
0.165
165000 1.65E+11
170
0.374
5.991
0.170
170000 1.70E+11
175
0.385
6.167
0.175
175000 1.75E+11
180
0.396
6.344
0.180
180000 1.80E+11
185
0.407
6.520
0.185
185000 1.85E+11
190
0.419
6.696
0.190
190000 1.90E+11
195
0.430
6.872
0.195
195000 1.95E+11
200
0.441
7.048
0.200
200000 2.00E+11
There are 454 grams in 1
pound, and 16 ounces in a
pound. You also need to
use the values for the
metric prefixes given in
Slide 8.
= Cell with a number
You can answer this
question by building a
spreadsheet that allows
you to convert grams to
more familiar units of
mass like ounces or
pounds, (or vice versa).
= Cell with a formula
Again, start by creating a series of numbers in column B
to represent grams. Create and copy formulas to convert
these values to pounds in Column C, and subsequently
pounds to ounces in Column D. Remember, you can also
“chain” your conversion factors in your formulas
Next, use the relationships between the metric prefixes to
convert grams to kilograms, milligrams, and nanograms in
Columns E, F, and G. Format the numbers appropriately.
(see slide 6)
Recreate this spreadsheet on a new
sheet, print it, and record how many
ounces and nanograms are in 65 grams.
12
Create an XY scatter graph and add a trendline
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
C
D
E
F
G
grams pounds ounces kilograms milligrams nanograms
5 0.011 0.176
0.005
5000 5.00E+09
10 0.022 0.352
0.010
10000 1.00E+10
15 0.033 0.529
0.015
15000 1.50E+10
20 0.044 0.705
0.020
20000 2.00E+10
25 0.055 0.881
0.025
25000 2.50E+10
30 0.066 1.057
0.030
30000 3.00E+10
35 0.077 1.233
0.035
35000 3.50E+10
40 0.088 1.410
0.040
40000 4.00E+10
45 0.099 1.586
0.045
45000 4.50E+10
50 0.110 1.762
0.050
50000 5.00E+10
55 0.121 1.938
0.055
55000 5.50E+10
60 0.132 2.115
0.060
60000 6.00E+10
65 0.143 2.291
0.065
65000 6.50E+10
70 0.154 2.467
0.070
70000 7.00E+10
75 0.165 2.643
0.075
75000 7.50E+10
80 0.176 2.819
0.080
80000 8.00E+10
85 0.187 2.996
0.085
85000 8.50E+10
90 0.198 3.172
0.090
90000 9.00E+10
95 0.209 3.348
0.095
95000 9.50E+10
100 0.220 3.524
0.100
100000 1.00E+11
105 0.231 3.700
0.105
105000 1.05E+11
110 0.242 3.877
0.110
110000 1.10E+11
115 0.253 4.053
0.115
115000 1.15E+11
120 0.264 4.229
0.120
120000 1.20E+11
125 0.275 4.405
0.125
125000 1.25E+11
130 0.286 4.581
0.130
130000 1.30E+11
135 0.297 4.758
0.135
135000 1.35E+11
140 0.308 4.934
0.140
140000 1.40E+11
145 0.319 5.110
0.145
145000 1.45E+11
150 0.330 5.286
0.150
150000 1.50E+11
155 0.341 5.463
0.155
155000 1.55E+11
160 0.352 5.639
0.160
160000 1.60E+11
165 0.363 5.815
0.165
165000 1.65E+11
170 0.374 5.991
0.170
170000 1.70E+11
175 0.385 6.167
0.175
175000 1.75E+11
180 0.396 6.344
0.180
180000 1.80E+11
185 0.407 6.520
0.185
185000 1.85E+11
190 0.419 6.696
0.190
190000 1.90E+11
195 0.430 6.872
0.195
195000 1.95E+11
200 0.441 7.048
0.200
200000 2.00E+11
Hint: Highlight the columns indicated
in green to make your graph. Click
control at the top of each column and
drag over it vertically to highlight the
correct range. Then select the chart
wizard icon to make your graph.
Create an XY scatter plot of the
highlighted ranges. Select the
graph subtype just displaying the
data points without a connecting
line. Add a title for the graph and
the axes.
Conversion of grams to ounces
8.000
7.000
6.000
Ounces
B
5.000
4.000
3.000
2.000
Recreate this graph
1.000
0.000
0
50
100
150
200
250
Grams
You can add a trendline to this graph by clicking on the graph,
then selecting “add trendline” from the chart menu. Select
“linear“ in the type submenu, and check “set intercept = 0” and
“display equation on chart” in the options submenu. Remember,
the equation of a line is in the form y = mx + b, where m is the
slope of the line and b is y-intercept.
Record the equation of the line. Why should the b
term be equal to 0? What does the m term tell you?
13
Using trendlines to look at temperature conversions; the TREND function
Refer back to the spreadsheet you created to convert Fahrenheit temperatures to
Celsius. Make a copy of the Fahrenheit column by highlighting from B4 through
B36. Select copy from the edit menu, place the cursor on Cell D4 and select paste
from the edit menu. Highlight Cells C4 through D36 and create an XY scatter
graph as before. Your x-axis is the Celsius data and the y-axis is composed of the
Fahrenheit equivalents. Add the linear trendline and display the equation on the
graph. DO NOT set the intercept = 0. (Why?)
Record the equation of the line. Where have you seen a similar
equation in this module?
Now highlight Cells B4 through C36 and create an XY scatter graph as before. Your xaxis is now the Fahrenheit data and the y-axis is composed of the Celsius equivalents.
Add the trendline and display the equation. Record the equation of the line. Why is
this equation not exactly the same as the second conversion formula (Celsuis from
Fahrenheit) given on Slide 10? Why is the value of the intercept 17.78?
Optional activity: Excel can give you a value for one unit from the other unit if
you use the built-in TREND function. The format of this function is:
=TREND(range of y values, range of x-values, x-value to convert)
If you want to determine the Celsius equivalent of 350 degrees Fahrenheit,
enter: =TREND(C4:C36,B4:B36,350) in any open cell in the spreadsheet.
Record the value you obtain.
14
End of Module Assignments
Turn in your answers to these questions.
1. Given the following formulae, write the corresponding Excel
equations.
a. 12 x 2
b. Column B row 3 divided by 56
c. 1.55 x 106 multiplied by 1.8 x 10-3
2. Convert the following numbers to decimal notation and Excel notation.
a. 3.94 x 1012
b. 7.234 x 10-4
3. In the country Gogobee, the currency is lemons. There are 62.9
lemons in a dollar. You want to buy some items.
a. If shoes cost 580 lemons, how many dollars do you have to part
with to wear them?
b. You need bandages for the blisters from your new shoes. They
cost $2.49. How many lemons is this?
4. A perceived advantage of the metric system is that the conversions
are based on powers of ten. Explain what this means to you. Do you
agree or disagree that the metric system offers advantages?
15
End of Module Assignments
5. You are planning a road trip through Canada, where speed limits are
posted in kilometers/hour. You have a lead foot, but don’t want to
get stopped for speeding, so you need to get a sense for the
relationship between miles/hour (mph) and kilometers/hour.
a. In one column of a spreadsheet, create a list of speeds in
miles/hour starting with 5 mph and ending with 100 mph in
increments of 5.
b. In a second column, create and copy a formula to convert
miles/hour to kilometers/hour. The relationship between miles
and kilometers is 1.609 kilometers per mile.
c. Create an XY scatter graph of these data. Be sure to label the
axes. Add the trendline and display the equation of the line on
the chart. Print the table and graph and turn them in.
6. Optional question: 2.17 grams of NaCl (table salt) occupies a
volume of 1 cubic centimeter (1 cc3 – a small cube 1 centimeter on
each side). What volume in cc3 is occupied by 60 grams of salt?
Would this make French fries salty? Answer this question using a
conversion ratio.
7. Optional question: Refer back to the mass spreadsheet. Using the
TREND function, determine the milligram equivalent of 2.5 pounds.16
Pretest
1. Convert the following numbers to decimal notation and Excel
notation.
a. 6.345 x 105
b. 8.5 x 10-4
2. What is the relationship between:
a. A kilogram and a gram?
b. A liter and a milliliter?
3. Convert 55 millimeters to kilometers.
4. How would you write the following mathematical formulae as Excel
equations?
a. 7.3 multiplied by the contents of cell column A row 6
b. 5.2 + 4 + (10 divided by 7)
17