Transcript Chapter 2: PERFORMING MEDIA

Chapter 2: PERFORMING MEDIA

Voices/Singing

Ten important points
1.
2.
3.
4.
There is a much wider range of pitch and
volume than is used in speaking
Vowel sounds are held longer
It demands a greater supply and control
of breath
Air is controlled by the lower abdominal
muscles and diaphram
VOICES/SINGING
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Vocal cords vibrate by using the lungs,
throat, mouth and nose
Pitch varies with the tension of vocal
cords
Range depends on training and physical
makeup
Women: soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto
Men: tenor, baritone, bass
Until the late 17th century, most Western
music was vocal, without
instrumentation
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

4-5 Main Categories
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
String
Woodwind
Brass
Percussion
Electronic

Orchestra Instrumentation:

Usually contains strings, woodwinds,
brass, percussion; sometimes piano or
harpsichord

Band Instrumentation:

Usually includes brass, woodwind, and
percussion
STRING INSTRUMENTS

Violin, viola, cello, double bass
 All played
with a bow





Pizzicato – plucking the string
Double stop – two notes at once
Vibrato – vibrate the left had while
it is on the string
Tremolo – rapidly bowing up and
down creating a shimmering effect
The harp and the guitar are both
string instruments that are always
plucked or strummed
WOODWIND INSTRUMENTS


Produce vibrations of air within a
tube that is traditionally made of
wood
Holes along their length are opened
and closed by fingers or pads

Player changes the pitch by
opening/closing holes, changing the
length of the tube
Pg. 15

Flute family – flute, piccolo

Clarinet

Oboe

Bassoon

Saxophone
BRASS INSTRUMENTS


Vibrations come from the musician’s
lips as he or she blows into a
funnel-shaped mouthpiece
Vibrations are amplified and colored
in a tube that is coiled with a flared
end


Trumpet, french horn, trombone,
tuba, euphonium
Pitch is
regulated 2
ways:


Varying lip
tension
Using slides and/or
valves to change the length of the tube
PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS


Sound by being
struck
Some with
definite pitch:
timpani,
glockenspiel,
xylophone,
celesta,
chimes

Some with indefinite pitch: snare
drum, bass drum, tambourine,
triangle, cymbals, gong

Keyboard instruments:


Piano – felt-covered hammer swings up
against a string, most versatile
instrument
Harpsichord – strings that are plucked
by a set of plectra
QUESTION

In which family
does a pipe organ
fit?

Keys control valves
from which air is
blown across or
through openings
in the pipes
ELECTRONIC MUSIC


Tape studio
Synthesizers

Computers
Listening for Instruments

Turn in books to page 34:

The Young Person’s Guide to the
Orchestra


Benjamin Britten
Stars and Stripes Forever

John Philip Sousa

Homework
Worksheet on Chapters 1 & 2 due
TOMORROW.