Transcript Beginning of the Year Math Review

Math Review
Mrs. Bonifay’s
Algebra I Class
Types of Numbers
• Natural Numbers:
Also known as counting numbers
(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6…………)
• Whole Numbers:
Natural numbers plus 0
(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6…………)
More Types of Numbers
• Positive Numbers:
All numbers greater than zero
• Negative Numbers:
All numbers less than zero
(Zero is neither positive nor
negative!)
And More Types of
Numbers!
• Integers:
Whole numbers and their opposites
example: -1 and 1 are opposites
• Rational Numbers:
Numbers which can be represented
as a fraction of two integers
A Little More
Even and Odd
• All even numbers are divisible by 2.
• All odd numbers are NOT divisible
by 2.
• Remember: Zero is neither positive
nor negative!
Absolute Value
• Absolute value is a number’s distance
from zero.
• Absolute values are always, always,
always positive EXCEPT for the
absolute value of zero which is zero!
• Example: [-1] = 1 [1] = 1 [0] = 0
Add or Subtract
• When you want to find the SUM of
two or more numbers, you:
ADD (+)
• When you want to find the
DIFFERENCE of two or more
numbers, you:
SUBTRACT (-)
Multiply or Divide
• When you want to find the product
of two or more numbers, you:
MULTIPLY (x)
• When you want to find the quotient
of two or more numbers, you:
DIVIDE (/)
Place Values
• The place in a multi-digit number a
single digit holds.
EXAMPLE: In the number 123 (“onehundred twenty-three”), “3” is in the
ones place, “2” is in the tens place,
and “1” is in the hundreds place.
FRACTIONS
• A FRACTION is a part
of a whole.
EXAMPLE: If I have a
pizza with six slices,
one slice of pizza will
be 1/6 or one piece
out of six pieces.
More Fractions
In the fraction 1/6, “1” is called the
numerator, and “6” is called the
denominator.
numerator
denominator
Even More Fractions
REMEMBER: When the numerator and
the denominator are the same
number, the fraction is equal to “1”
Example: Numerator is 7 = 1
Denominator is 7
Adding Fractions
When adding fractions with like
denominators, simply add the numerators.
Example:
1 + 3 = 4
5
5
5
1+3 = 4
5
5
Subtracting Fractions
As with addition, when subtracting fractions with
like denominators, simply subtract the
numerators.
Example:
4 - 3 = 1
5 5
5
4 - 3 = 1
5
5
Multiplying Fractions
When multiplying fractions, multiply the numerators
AND multiply the denominators.
Example:
2
3
x
3 = 6
5
15
2 x 3 = 6
3 x 5 = 15
Dividing Fractions
When dividing fractions, “flip” the
second fraction in the equation and
then multiply.
Example: 2 / 3 = 2 x 5 = 10
3
5
3
3
9
Greater Than, Less Than,
and Equal To
• “Greater than” (>) is when the first number listed
is more than the second number listed.
Example: 56 > 45
• “Less than” (<) is when the first number is less
than the second number.
Example: 45 < 56
• “Equal to” (=) is when the first and second number
are the same value.
Example: 45 = 45
or 1 = 6
6
Exponents
4
2
This would be read “four to the second power.”
It would be the same at “4 x 4” which is 16
“4” is the BASE and “2” is the EXPONENT
“16” is the power.