Transcript Daily TAKS Connection

Daily TAKS Connection:
Periodic Table
IPC(7): The student knows relationships exist between properties
of matter and its components. The student is expected to:
(D) relate the chemical behavior of an element. including
bonding, to its placement on the periodic table.
Day 1
Construct a folded book foldable
and title “Periodic Table”

Materials:
 Foldable handout (2
pages)
 Scissors
 Pen
 Colored
pencils/crayons
 Periodic Table
(needed daily for
note-taking activities)
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Instructions:
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Hamburger fold the
foldable handouts
Cut 2 cm slits from the
edges of the fold of the
handout that has page 2
(as marked)
Cut along the fold line of
the other sheet of paper
beginning and ending
about 2 cm from each
end (as marked).
Burrito fold and insert
paper from step 2 into the
hole and open, forming a
book.
Day 2 notes
Record the following on page 1 of your foldable:
 number of protons is the same as the atomic number;
used to ID an element
Student Task: ID this
element
Question
An element has 24 protons. What element is it?
A. Magnesium
B. Molybdenum
C. Chromium
D. Iron
Question
A certain atom has a nucleus containing nine protons
and ten neutrons and has nine electrons orbiting the
nucleus. This atom is a form of the element —
a. potassium
b. fluorine
c. neon
d. calcium
Question
Alpha particles are one type of radioactivity. These
particles have a nucleus of two protons and two
neutrons but have no orbital electrons. Based on this
information, it can be inferred that alpha particles are
positive ions of the element —
a. actinium
b. curium
c. radium
d. helium
Day 3 notes
Record the following notes on page 2 of your
foldable
 “groups” or “families” are the columns on the
Periodic Table
 elements in the same group have similar
physical and chemical properties
Question
Which of the following groups contains members with
similar chemical reactivity?
a. Li, Na, K
b. Be, Mg, Na
c. K, Ca, Sc
d. P, S, Cl
Question
The bonding characteristics of nitrogen are most similar
to the bonding characteristics of —
a. hydrogen
b. silicon
c. helium
d. phosphorus
Day 4 notes
Record the following notes on page 3 of
your foldable
 Group 18 are called “noble gases”
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8 valence electrons (stable octet)
noble gases are resistant to forming
compounds
 Student Task: Color and label the noble
gases on the drawing on page 3 of your
foldable.
Question
The elements of which of these groups on the periodic
table are least likely to form compounds?
a. Group 1
b. Group 9
c. Group 14
d. Group 18
Question
Elements found in which shaded area of this periodic table undergo the
fewest chemical reactions?
a.
Q
b.
R
c.
S
d.
T
Day 5 notes
Record the following notes on page 4 of your foldable
Ionic Bonds:
• when metals form bonds with nonmetals
•Halogens, group 17 elements, form ionic
compounds (salts) called halides
Metals
Nonmetals
Left of bold line (staircase)
Right of bold line (staircase)
Lose electrons when bonding
Gain electrons when bonding
Form ca+ions
Form anions
Positive ions (positive
Negative ions (negative
oxidation numbers)
oxidation numbers)
Day 6 notes
 Student Task
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On the top drawing on page 5 of your foldable,
shade the metals one color and the nonmetals
a different color.
On bottom drawing on page 5 of your foldable,
shade the halogen group.
Question
Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table usually —
a. form large molecules
b. lose electrons when bonding
c. act like nonmetals
d. liquefy at room temperature
Question
Sodium fluoride is a type of halide used in toothpaste to
help strengthen teeth. Elements from which group in
the periodic table are necessary to form halide
compounds?
a. Group 4
b. Group 5
c. Group 10
d. Group 17
Question
The elements from which of the following groups are
most likely to react with potassium (Na)?
a. Group 2
b. Group 7
c. Group 13
d. Group 17
Day 7 notes
Record the following notes on page 6 of your foldable
How to determine oxidation numbers
1.
2.
Find the group number (roman numeral) for the element
(located at the top of the group).
Determine if the element is a metal or a nonmetal.
1.
If it is a metal, the roman numeral value from the group
number is the positive value of the oxidation number.
Example: Hydrogen is in group IA; therefore the oxidation number
is +1 and the cation is written H1+.
OR
2.
If it is a nonmetal, subtract the roman numeral value from
eight. Assign a negative sign to the oxidation number.
Example: F is in group VIIA; 8 – 7 = 1; therefore the oxidation
number is -1 and the anion is written F1-.
Question
What is the oxidation number of Mg?
A. 1+
B. 1C. 2+
D. 2-
Question
According to the periodic table, which of these elements
will form an ion with a –3 charge?
a. N
b. La
c. Li
d. Rb
Question
Which shaded area of the periodic table shown shows the location
of elements that require the least energy to lose two electrons?
A. Q
B. R
C. S
D. T
Day 8 notes –
Record the following notes on the top of page 7 of your foldable
Criss-Cross Method for writing ionic compound
formulas
• Rule: Value of oxidation # of cation becomes the
subscript of the anion
• Rule: Value of oxidation # of anion becomes the
subscript of the cation
2+
Ca
1Cl
Ca1
Cl2
CaCl2
Question
Na1+
O2-
According to this information, what is the chemical
formula for sodium oxide?
A. NaO
B. NaO2
C. Na2O
D. Na2O2
Question
Mg2+
F1-
According to this information, what is the chemical
formula for magnesium fluoride?
A. MgF
B. MgF2
C. Mg2F
D. Mg2F2
Question
K1+
SO42-
According to this information, what is the chemical
formula for potassium sulfate?
A. K2SO4
B. K4(SO4)2
C. K2(SO4)2
D. KSO4
Question
The ionic compounds that result from combining Group
1 and Group 17 elements have a 1:1 ratio because
a. Group 1 elements are electrically neutral
b. Group 1 elements have one valence electron
c. Group 1 elements contain neutrons in the nucleus
d. Group 1 contains more elements than other groups
Day 9 notes
Record the following notes on the bottom of
page 7 of your foldable
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Covalent Bonds
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Non-metals form bonds with non-metals
Elements share electrons
Examples: CO2, CH4
 Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen are all nonmetals
Question
Nitrogen forms covalent bonds with which of the
following elements?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Carbon
D. Neon
Question
The model above shows how an unidentified
element, X, forms covalent bonds with
oxygen. In which group on the periodic table
does Element X most likely belong?
A. Group 2
B. Group 7
C. Group 15
D. Group 18