Transcript Sumerians of Mesopotamia

Early
Civilization
Test
Review
I.
Paleolithic Age - Men
and women of the
Paleolithic
Age were
nomads.
They live in bands of
no more than 2-3 dozen
people.
SMALL
GROUPS
2. Neolithic Revolution
10,000 B.C.
3. Discovery of farming/
and the domestication
of animals
4.
Steady Food
Source
New Cultural
Developments
Permanent
Settlements
Neolithic Revolution
10,000 B.C.
Discovery of Farming
More Complex
Society
Increase in
Population
New
Technology
5. Tigris
River
&
Euphrates
River
6. Fertile Crescent is also known as
MESOPOTAMIA!
7. Sumerians
are the first civilization
to develop in
Mesopotamia.
3,300 B.C.
8. Sumerians were
ruled by
monarchs
(kings).
9. Code of
Hammurabi:
First set of
written laws
created by King
Hammurabi to
unify the laws
throughout an
empire.
10. Egyptian
Empire was
surrounded by
deserts
(Eastern and
Western
Desert).
11. Positive-Kept invaders
out.
NATURAL
BARRIER!
12.
Egyptians
traded with
Sumerians
and
Nubians
13. Hieroglyphics—system of
writing using pictures and
symbols.
*culturally diffused from
Sumerian Cuneiform
14. Shang Dynastyst
∙1
dynasty
to leave
written
records.
15a.Mandate of Heaven—theory
that it is justified to overthrow
a bad government with the
approval of the gods.
B. Started by the Zhou
Dynasty
16. Two major river systems are:
1. Yangtze River
(AKA—Chang Jiang)
2. Huang He
(AKA—Yellow)
17. Chinese called themselves the
“Middle Kingdom”
a. thought they were the
center of the civilized world
18.Monsoons:
seasonal
winds that
dominate
Indus’s
climate
19.Natural barriers between India
and the rest of the Asian
continent:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Himalaya Mountains
Thar Desert
Hindu Kush Mountains
Karakoram Mountains
20. China’s natural barriers:
1. Gobi Desert
2.Taklamakan Desert
3. Plateau of Tibet
4. Himalaya Mountains
21. Natural Barriers provide
protection by keeping out
invaders.
22. Common features:
*developed on rivers
*transportation
*trade
*irrigation
*silt/fertile soil
*polytheistic
*system of writing
23. Rivers provided:
*transportation
*trade
*irrigation
*silt/fertile soil
Sumerian Achievements/Contributions:
Wheel
Sail
Plow
Ziggurats – temples:
Cuneiform: 1st system of writing
Code of Hammurabi:
first set of written laws
A.
Egyptian Contributions and
Achievements:
1. Hieroglyphics—system of
writing using pictures and
symbols.
Papyrus—paper made from
reeds that grew in the marshy
Nile delta.
Pyramids—tombs for pharaohs
Pyramids
at
Giza
Pharoahs—Egyptian GodKings
Theocracy—Gov’t in which the
ruler is believed to be a god or a
representative of the god(s).
Indus Contributions/Achievements:
A. City building:
1. Kalibangan
2. Mohenjo-Daro
3. Harappa
Laid cities in precise grid
system
Engineers built plumbing and
sewage systems.
Sanskrit—system of writing
YellowContributions/Achievements:
*Mandate of Heaven—theory
that it is justified to overthrow
a bad government with the
approval of the gods.
Mandate of Heaven
Ancient Chinese Writing