Transcript Parking Lot Control

Automation and Control of a limited size parking lot
using PIC18 Microcontroller
Alaa Sharif
Ali Ghamlouch
Zaher Khattab
Presented to: Dr. Youmin Zhang
April 2011
Contents
 Introduction
 The Hardware
 Circuit Diagram
 Flow Chart
 Sensing and Interrupts
 Actuation
 Feedback and Display
 Conclusion
 Future Work
Introduction
• The objective of the project is to count number of cars
entering and exiting the parking lot
• Number of available lots is displayed on an LCD
• Automation components used: Sensors, Servo Motors,
LCD display, indicator LEDs
• components are connected to microcontroller (PIC18F4431)
to simulate the sensing, actuating, and feedback
The Hardware
• PIC18F4431 Microcontrollers
• 2 Sensors, each sensor consist of a IR
transmitter & 40 KHz receiver
• 555 timer
• 2 Electric Servo motors (HiTEC HS-422)
• LCD Display (2 Lines, Max 16 character in
each line)
• 4 indicating LEDs (2 Green, 2 Red)
Circuit Diagram
Flow Chart
Sensing
• Introducing IR emitter-receiver sensor
• Implementation of the IR emitter-receiver
sensor using 555 timer
Sensing
• Frequency Calibration IR emitter-receiver:
𝑇 =0.693 (𝑅1 +2𝑅2 ) 𝐶𝑇
1
𝑇 = = 2.5 * 10−5 sec
𝑓
𝑅1 = 1 𝑘Ώ
𝐶𝑇 = 0.022𝜇𝑓
𝑅2 is a variable resistor
Actuation
• 2 servo motors controlling the opening and
closing of gates
• Generating delays to turn the motor(loop
repetition)
Actuation
• On and off delay defines duty
cycle, period and frequency
 Neutral: 1.5 ms high , 18.5 ms
low
 Rotation
ms low
: 1.9 ms high, 18.1
• Maintaining the position of the
motor
Feedback and Display
• Interrupt through sensors
• Incrementing / decrementing a register to count available lots
• Displaying available lots on LCD
• Indicator LEDs to indicate opening and closing of gates
Conclusion
• Combination between hardware
and software was achieved with
success
• Fulfilling the interface between the
IR emitter receiver sensor, the 2
servo motors, the LCD and the four
indicator LEDs
Future Work
• Use of vision system to indicate presence of cars on gate
• Fully automated vision system indicating number of available slots
and controlling the gates
• Use of IR sensors on all parking slots to indicate a vacant one, and
displaying slot’s number on LCD
Thank You