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A local-area network (LAN) architecture developed by Xerox
Corporation in cooperation with DEC and Intel in 1976.
Ethernet uses a bus or star topology and supports data
transfer rates of 10 Mbps. The Ethernet specification served
as the basis for the IEEE 802.3 standard, which specifies the
physical and lower software layers. Ethernet uses the
CSMA/CD access method to handle simultaneous demands.
It is one of the most widely implemented LAN standards.
A newer version of Ethernet, called 100Base-T (or Fast
Ethernet), supports data transfer rates of 100 Mbps. And the
newest version, Gigabit Ethernet supports data rates of 1
gigabit (1,000 megabits) per second.
List of Ethernet standards
Designation
Description
10Base-2
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over coaxial cable with a maximum distance of 185
meters. Also referred to as Thin Ethernet or Thinnet or Thinwire
10Base-5
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over coaxial cable with a maximum distance of 500
meters. Also referred to as Thick Ethernet or Thicknet or Thickwire.
10Base-36
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over multi-channel coaxial cable with a maximum
distance of 3,600 meters.
10Base-F
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over optical fiber.
10Base-FB
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over two multi-mode optical fibers using a synchronous
active hub.
10Base-FL
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over two optical fibers and can include an optional
asynchronous hub.
10Base-T
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over twisted pair cables with a maximum length of 100
meters.
10Broad-36
10 Mbps baseband Ethernet over three channels of a cable television system with a
maximum cable length of 3,600 meters.
10Gigabit Ethernet
Ethernet at 10 billion bits per second over optical fiber. Multimode fiber supports
distances up to 300 meters; single mode fiber supports distances up to 40 kilometers.
100Base-T
100 Mbps baseband Ethernet over twisted pair cable.
100Base-T2
100 Mbps baseband Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3 or higher unshielded
twisted pair cable.
100Base-T4
100 Mbps baseband Ethernet over four pairs of Category 3 or higher unshielded
twisted pair cable.
 Coaxial
cable
 Fiber optic cable
 UTP cable
 BNC
connectors
(Bayonet Neill–
Concelman)
BNC connectors.
From left to right: 75 Ω female, 75 Ω male,
50 Ω female, 50 Ω male.
BNC Tee Connectors with resistive load
terminators
 ST
(straight tip)
 Subscriber (square) connector (SC)
 Small form factor (SFF) connectors
• Mechanical transfer registered jack (MT-RJ)
• Local connector (LC)
 ST (an AT&T Trademark) is probably still the most
popular connector for multimode networks
 SC is a snap-in connector also with a 2.5 mm ferrule that is
widely used for it's excellent performance. It was the connector
standardized in TIA-568-A, but was not widely used at first
because it was twice as expensive as a ST.
 MT-RJ is a duplex connector with both fibers in a single
polymer ferrule. It uses pins for alignment and has male and
female versions. Multimode only, field terminated only by
prepolished/splice method.
 LC is a small form factor connector that uses a 1.25 mm ferrule,
half the size of the SC. Otherwise, it's a standard ceramic ferrule
connector, easily terminated with any adhesive. Good
performance, highly favored for singlemode.
8P8C (RJ*-45)
*RJ (registered jack)
The 8 position 8 contact (8P8C) connector is a modular
connector commonly used to terminate twisted pair and multiconductor flat cable.
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The original RJ45S uses keyed 8P2C modular
connector, with Pins 5 and 4 (the middle 2 positions)
wired for tip and ring of a single telephone line and
Pins 7 and 8 shorting a programming resistor. It was
meant to be used with a high speed modem, and is
obsolete today.