Transcript ETHERNET history

Gary Marret, RCDD
• WHAT IS ETHERNET?
• WHAT IS ETHERNET/IP?
• ETHERNET HARDWARE?
• HOW DO I CABLE FOR
INDUSTRIAL ETHERNET?
WHAT IS ETHERNET?
• ETHERNET history
–
–
–
–
developed in 1973 as shared medium
bandwidth 10 Mbps
bus topology
CSMA/CD procedure for media access
OLD ETHERNET NOT
DETERMINISTIC
• NOT CHOSEN FOR FACTORY NETWORKS,
LACKED DETERMINISM
• DETERMINISM = ABILITY TO PREDICT
• ETHERNET WAS BASED ON SHARED BACK
BONE AND HALF DUPLEX
• FAST ETHERNET DEVELOPED
FAST ETHERNET
• ETHERNET today
– scalable bandwidth with 10/100/1000 Mbps
– switched “Full Duplex” connection without
collisions
– IEEE standards for prioritization and flow
control
– standards for Copper, Fiber, Plastic, and
Wireless transmission
WHAT IS ETHERNET/IP?
• IP = INDUSTRIAL PROTOCOL
• OPEN STANDARD FOR INDUSTRIAL
NETWORKS
• USES STANDARD ETHERNET AS A BASE
• ADDS AN APPLICATION PROTOCOL FOR
FACTORY AUTOMATION
ETHERNET HARDWARE
• TRANSCEIVER
• MEDIA CONVERTER
• HUB
• SWITCH
• ROUTER
• GATEWAY
TRANSCEIVERS
• CONNECT NETWORK MEDIA TO AUI PORT
ON EQUIPMENT (15 PIN DSUB)
• 10BASE-FL
• 10BASE-T
• 10BASE-2
MEDIA CONVERTERS
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•
•
10/100 MEDIA CONVERTERS
GIGABIT MEDIA CONVERTERS
FIBER OPTIC MEDIA CONVERTERS
SERIAL DATA MEDIA CONVERTERS
HUBS
• SHARE ONE COMMUNICATIOS CHANNEL FOR
•
•
•
ALL DEVICES CONNECTED TO IT.
REGENERATES INCOMING DATA AND
DISTRIBUTES IT TO ALL PORTS
CSMA/CD
LAYER 1 OF THE OSI MODEL
SWITCHES
• ALWAYS USE FOR INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATIONS
• REGENERATES INCOMING DATA AND
DISTRIBUTES IT ONLY TO THE DEVICE
IT’S INTENDED FOR
• PROVIDES POINT-TO-POINT
CONNECTION BETWEEN DEVICES
ROUTERS
• INTERCONNECTS NETWORKS WITH
DIFFERENT LAYER 3 PROTOCOLS
• COMBINATION OF HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE
• CONTROLS TRAFFIC BETWEEN
NETWORKS
GATEWAYS
• A ROUTER CONVERTS PROTOCOLS AND
ENABLES DATA EXCHANGE BETWEEN
NETWORKS
Evolving Factory Network
Back-Office Mainframes
and Servers (ERP, MES,
CAPP, PDM, etc.)
Corporate IT
Network
Office Applications,
Internetworking, Data
Servers, Storage
Central NMS
Video
Feed
Pager
Programmable Logic
Controllers (PLC)
PC Based
Controllers
Wireless
Human Machine
Interface (HMI)
Video
Apps
Scanner
Handheld
Robotics
Sensors and
other
Input/Output
Devices
Motors,
Drives,
Actuators
Device Level Network
Ethernet
VLANs
• VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORK
• GROUPING OF DEVICES ON A SWITCH OR
MULTIPLE SWITCHES ON A PHYSICAL LAN
• PORT BASED VLANs
• PORT AND MAC ADDRESSED VLANs
• NETWORK ADREESED VLANs
• PROTOCOL BASED VLANs
QoS
• MANAGES NETWORK TRAFFIC
• QoS CAN BE A COMBINED EFFORT OF
ROUTERS, SWITCHES, STATIONS, AND
SERVERS
Quality of Service (QoS)
Data
Collection
Mission-Critical
(Control)
Back Office
Configuration
(File Transfer)
HOW DO I CABLE FOR
INDUSTRIAL ETHERNET?
• ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2 COMMERCIAL
BUILDING STANDARDS FOR BALANCED
TWISTED PAIR
• ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3 STANDARDS FOR
OPTICAL FIBER CABLING COMPONENTS
• ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A COMMERCIAL
BUILDING STANDARDS FOR PATHWAY
AND SPACES
CABLING TOPOLOGY
• STAR TOPOLOGY
• HIERARCHICAL STAR TOPOLGY
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IC
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MC
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RECOGNIZED HORIZONTAL
CABLE TYPES
• FOUR-PAIR 100 OHM BALANCED
TWISTED PAIR - UTP or ScTP
• TWO OR MORE STRANDS OF 50/125um
OR 62.5/125um MULTIMODE OPTICAL
FIBER CABLE
HORIZONTAL CABLING
DISTANCES
• 90 METER (295’) MAXIMUM FROM THE
PATCH PANEL TO THE
OUTLET/CONNECTOR
• 5 METER (16’) MAXIMUM FROM OUTLET
TO DEVICE
• 10 METER (33’) MAXIMUM FOR THE
TOTAL COMBINED LENGTH OF PATCH
CORDS
UTP or ScTP?
• USE MINIMUM CAT5e UTP OR ScTP
• GROUND LOOP CONCERNS WITH ScTP
• MAXIMUM 1V rms BETWEEN SHIELD AND
EQUIPMENT GROUND WIRE AT OUTLET
• GROUND AT PATCH PANEL ONLY
• OPTICAL FIBER IS BEST FOR NOISE
IMMUNITY
INSTALLATION PRACTICES
• Remove as little as possible of the jacket up to
•
the connector
Maintain twist up to the termination – under .5”
INSTALLATION PRACTICES
• AVOID EMI RFI
• SUPPORT CABLE
• USE CABLE TRAY
• USE INNERDUCT
• ADHERE TO CABLE MANUFACTURER
SPECIFICATIONS
• LABEL, LABEL, LABEL
RECOGNIZED BACKBONE CABLE
TYPES
• 100 OHM BALANCED TWISTED PAIR
• 50/125um OR 62.5/125um OPTICAL
FIBER CABLE
• SINGLEMODE OPTICAL FIBER CABLE
BACKBONE CABLING DISTANCE
• DETERMINED BY DATA RATE,
BANDWIDTH, AND MEDIA TYPE
• UTP/ScTP CAT5e CANNOT EXCEED 90
METERS FOR ETHERNET BACKBONES
Fiber Type
6F
6U
5H
5L
5M
Core/Clad
(microns)
62.5/125
62.5/125
50/125
50/125
50/125
850-nm
BW
(MHzkm)
200
220
500
2000*
950*
1300-nm
BW
(MHzkm)
500
1000
500
500
500
1 Gb
Distance
(m @ 850)
300
500
600
600
600
1 Gb
Distance
(m @ 1300)
700
1200
600
600
600
10 Gb
Distance
(m @ 850)
300
150
RESOURCES
• www.cisco.com
• www.commscope.com
• www.hellermann.tyton.com
• www.hirschmann.com
• www.levitonvoicedata.com
• www.panduit.com
• www.signamax.com
• www.unicomlink.com
• http://ethernet.industrial-networking.com
QUESTIONS?