Transcript Notes pages 38 and 40 powerpoint

Chapter 3-2: Conquests and
Empire Building
1. The city-states in Sumer fought
with one another to gain riches and
control of water and other limited
resources.
2. To conquer means
to take over
3. Sargon gained
control of Sumer and
continued his
conquests to an area
from what is now
Iran, in the east, to
what is now Turkey
and the
Mediterranean Sea,
in the west.
4. An empire consists of the vast
lands and varied people that come
under the control of a single
government.
5. The lands unitedby Sargon became
known as the Akkadian Empire.
6. Sargon kept a
standing army,
an army with paid,
full-time soldiers.
7. Mesopotamia drifted back into
chaos and disorder and by about
1900 B.C. a group called the
Amorites gained control.
8. It was called the Babylonian
Empire because the capital city
was in Babylon
9. Taxation is a system under which
people are made to pay for the running
of their government.
10. The most important innovation
of the Babylonian people was their
centralized government,
which was governed under a single
authority
11. Under Hammurabi,
a code, or a set of laws,
was established that
covered crimes against
the empire as well as
crimes against people.
12. One principle, or important
belief, that formed the basis of the
Code of Hammurabi is that “the
strong shall not oppress the weak.”
Another introduced the new
principle of “eye for an eye.”
13. After the collapse of
the Babylonian Empire,
Mesopotamia was
conquered by the
Kassites from what is
now the country of Iran.
14. Then a powerful group
from the north, the Hittites
attacked Babylon.
15. The Hittites were experts in the use of
war chariots, or carts drawn by horses
and used to carry soldiers in battle.