Transcript computer hardware ex1

Exercise 1
Computer Hardware
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Objectives for Exercise 1
When you complete this exercise, you
will be able to:
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
Identify, disconnect, and reconnect the
computer’s cables and cover.

Identify the external connectors on a typical
personal computer.

Identify and explain the purpose of the
major internal components.
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Why Disassemble the Computer?
 To
upgrade.
 To
repair.
 To
add to it.
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The three most important things
to remember when disassembling
a computer are:

Document
 Document
Document!
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Document

Where cards are located.

How cables are routed.

Orientation of cables and connectors.

Hardware used to secure each component.

Anything else that might cause confusion
when reassembling.
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Your greatest enemy when
working inside the computer is
Electrostatic Discharge
or ESD.
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Your best defense against ESD is
the anti-static
wrist strap.
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An internal resistor provides
shock protection.
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Switch off power at the computer
and at the workbench...
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...but leave the computer plugged
in.
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Use anti-static mats on the
workbench and floor.
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Hold Circuit Boards by their Edges.
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Store Circuit
Boards in Antistatic Bags.
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Tips for Disassembly.
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Turn off power to the computer
and everything connected to it.
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Disconnect the monitor and set it
aside.
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Disconnect the keyboard and set
it aside.
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PS/2 Keyboard Connection
10101
10101
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Disconnect the mouse and set it
aside.
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PS/2 Mouse Connection
10101
10101
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Remove these
screws...
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... not these.
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1.
2.
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Spreading the sides of the cover
will help it to clear the computer.
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Removing the side panel.
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3
1
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The Motherboard.
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The Motherboard may also be
known as the:
 System
 Planar
Board
Board
 Baseboard
 Main
Board
 Logic
Board
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The Power Supply.
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Standard Power Supply
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Power Selection Switch
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WARNING!
Hazardous voltages
contained within this
power supply, not user
serviceable. Return to
service center for repair.
Power Supply Connectors
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Power Supply Output Voltages
AT-Type
 +5
Volts
 +12
Volts
 –12
Volts
 –5
Volts
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Motherboard Power Connectors
Black
Wires
P9
P8
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Power Supply Output Voltages
ATX-Type
 +5
Volts
 +12
Volts
 –12
Volts
 –5
Volts
 +3.3
Volts
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ATX Power Connector
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ATX Power Connector
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Second P4 Motherboard
Power Connector
Supplies 12 Volts
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Large Molex Connector
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Berg Connector
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Some connectors are held
in place with a latch.
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Grasp the
connector
by the
shell…
Never by
the leads.
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The CD-ROM Drive
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The Hard Drive
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Motherboard
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Master
Hard Drive
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Slave
Hard Drive
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When installing ribbon cables
watch for:

Cable should match connector.

Pin 1 of cable to Pin 1 of connector.

Missed columns or rows of pins.
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1
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Missed Row of Pins
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Missed Row of Pins
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Missed
Pins
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The Floppy Drive
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Motherboard
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5¼"
Drive
5¼"
Drive
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3½"
Drive
3½"
Drive
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Drive A
“After twist”
Drive B
“Before Twist”
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1.
Remove the screw.
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2.
Rock the board end to end...
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... up and out of its socket.
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The AGP Video Board
Video Board
AGP Slot
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Field Replaceable Units (FRUs)
Units that can be replaced in the
field with common hand tools.
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Keep these tips in mind.

Document everything.

Shut off power.

Protect against ESD—use antistatic wrist
strap.

Grasp connectors by shells, not by leads.

Never use force.

Release latches on connectors.

Rock boards end to end.
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Now, it’s your turn.
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