Transcript No Slide Title

EEM232
Digital Systems I
Course Information
Instructor
: Atakan Doğan ([email protected])
Office hours: TBD
Materials
: http://home.anadolu.edu.tr/~atdogan/
Text
: M. Morris Mano, Charles R. Kime. Logic
and Computer Design Fundamentals
3rd Edition. Prentice Hall. 2004
Grading
Grading
Two Midterm Exams:
Four Quizes:
Four HWs:
Final:
Grading Guidelines
AA: 90-100
Others: 40-90
FF: 0-40
30%
20%
10%
40%
Why should you take EEM 232?
•
•
•
•
A required course according to our curriculum
The theory of operation of digital devices form a
basis for other courses in the EE/CS curriculum.
– EEM 334 Digital Systems II
– EEM 486 Computer Architecture
– EEM 336 Microprocessors I
Digital systems are widespread in use.
– Integrated Circuits that operate on digital data are in 95%
of every electrical powered device in the U.S.
The job market for engineers and computer scientists
with Digital Design skills is at high and will continue
growing.
3
Course Objectives
•
To learn how to analyze and design digital circuits
– Logic Gates
– Boolean Algebra
– Combinational circuits
–
–
• Boolean function, truth table, circuit
• Decoder/Encoder
• Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
• Adder/Subracter/Multiplier
• ALU
Synchronous sequential circuits
• Latch/Flip-flop
• Moore/Mealy circuits
• Counter
• Register
RAM/ROM and Programmable Logic Devices
4
Anolog vs. Digital
•
Analog Circuit: processes signals that can take any
value across a continuous range of a physical quantity.
– Voltage, current, etc.
– Basic elements: resistor, capacitor, inductor, amplifier, etc.
•
Digital Circuit: manipulates signals that can take only
one of two discrete values: 0 or 1, low or high, true or
false.
– Basic elements: Logic gate
5
Digital Abstraction
• Digital circuits:
– Built with anolog components such as MOS transistors
– Deal with anolog voltages and currents
• Digital abstraction of analog signals:
– A signal is 1 if it is close enough to VCC
– A signal is 0 if it is close enough to GND
• Digital abstraction allows anolog behavior to be ignored -
Circuits can be modeled as if the digital circuits really did
process 0s and 1s.
6
Why Digital?
•
Reproducibility
– Given the same inputs, digital circuit generates the same
–
•
•
outputs.
The outputs of an analog circuit vary with temperature,
power-supply voltage, component aging, etc.
Ease of design
– No complicated math skills are needed
– The behavior of small circuits can be understood without
knowing the details of complicated devices.
Flexibility and functionality
– Different ways to process digitalized data (compress,
encrypt, store)
7
Why Digital?
•
•
•
•
Programmability
– Hardware description language to design circuit
Speed
– Very fast speed: Several gigahertz clock rate
Economy
– A lot of functionality in a small space
– Millions of transistors on a chip
Rapidly and steadily advancing technology
– Moore’s law (Gordon E. Moore, a co-founder of Intel)
8
Why Digital?
•
•
Digital data can have additional data added to it to
allow for detection and correction of errors
– Scratch a CDROM - will still play fine
– Scratch, stretch an analog tape - throw it away
Digital data can be transmitted over a medium that
introduces errors that are corrected at receiving end
– Satellite transmission of DirectTV - each ‘screen’ image is
digitally encoded; errors corrected when it reaches your
digital Set Top receiver, shows up as a ‘Perfect’ Picture.
9
Many Representations of Digital Logic
Logic diagrams
Transistor-level
circuit diagrams
Equations: Z = S A + S  B
10
Many Representations of Digital Logic
Truth tables
Prepackaged building
blocks, e.g. multiplexer
11