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The Babylonians
The Babylonians
Code of Hammurabi
Babylonian Civilization
The Downfall of Babylon
Babylon
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The Old Babylonian Period
High point was reign of King
Hammurabi (1792-1750
B.C.) united all of
Mesopotamia through
conquest
During reign government
controlled economy and
passed comprehensive
laws called the Hammurabi
Code
Hammurabi Code
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Code reinforced “An
eye for an eye”
mentality
Laws focused on
property rights, slaves,
children and women’s
rights, murder, theft and
marriage
Punishment differed
based on a person’s
social class
Hammurabi Code
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Laws were introduced
for two main reasons
To establish order in a
land in constant conflict
To represent a king’s
beliefs of justice
Several laws were
written to protect the
poor and powerless
from abuse
Hammurabi Code
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5. If a judge try a case, reach a decision, and present his
judgment in writing; if later error shall appear in his
decision, and it be through his own fault, then he shall
pay twelve times the fine set by him in the case, and he
shall be publicly removed from the judge's bench, and
never again shall he sit there to render judgement.
6. If any one steal the property of a temple or of the
court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who
receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death.
14. If any one steal the minor son of another, he shall be
put to death.
22. If any one is committing a robbery and is caught,
then he shall be put to death.
Hammurabi Code
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195. If a son strike his father, his hands shall be
hewn off.
197. If he break another man's bone, his bone shall
be broken.
202. If any one strike the body of a man higher in
rank than he, he shall receive sixty blows with an oxwhip in public.
218. If a physician make a large incision with the
operating knife, and kill him, or open a tumor with the
operating knife, and cut out the eye, his hands shall
be cut off.
219. If a physician make a large incision in the slave
of a freed man, and kill him, he shall replace the slave
with another slave.
282. If a slave say to his master: "You are not my
master," if they convict him his master shall cut off his
ear.
Babylonian Mathematics
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Babylonians used
advance mathematics like
algebra and geometry
They used linear and
quadratic equations
Adopted Sumerian
mathematics because it
was sound
Studied and made
observations of natural
phenomena
Downfall of Babylon
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1595 B.C. Hittites invaded
Babylon and conqueror it
Hittites introduced
international commerce by
trading in the Mediterranean
region
Modified Hammubria Code
and made it more lenient
A large tribe called Kassites
seized Mesopotamia
(Babylon) because region
hard to protect
Downfall of Babylon
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During rule of Kassites,
Babylon saw a period of no
growth
Adopted ziggurat, cuneiform
and Laws of Hammubria
Period of famines, disease
and nomadic invasions
plagued Babylon
Kassites will not hold
Babylon as well and it falls
to the Assyrians