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MLCC & R-Chip Lead-free Components Lead-free process Introduction April 2004 1 Lead Free Market requirement Europe: by 2006 Jan. all finish electronics product have to be lead free, components parts have to be lead free from 2004 Jan.. Japan: SONY Japan 100% lead free from 2002 Jan. Sharp follows. By 2004 all SONY worldwide plant to be lead free process. 2 Definition of Lead Free: - Definition of Lead Free: Europe EUELVD U.S. JEDEC Japan JEIDA ＜0.1wt% Pb (1000ppm) ＜0.2wt% Pb (2000ppm) ＜0.1wt% Pb (1000ppm) - Current Yageo/Phycomp MLCC: all are Pb-free (actually since 1990) - Current Yageo/Phycomp R-chip : can provide all series Lead Free Resistor by customer request . 3 MLCC Lead-free Termination Structure NME Noble Metal Electrode BME Base Metal Electrode Sn Ni Ag Cu PdAg or Pd Ni Ceramic 4 R-Chip Lead-free Termination Structure Resistive layer Protective coating Electrode layer Marking End Termination • Ag electrode • Ni plating • Sn plating Primary glass layer 5 R chip Lead Free Part Numbers: - Yageo /Phycomp have provided full range chip resistors with lead-free termination since Jan. 01, 2003. We use different part number, adding a letter “L” in the suffix of the part number for lead free. -For example： -Phycomp / Yageo Brand -232280671001L / RC0201FR-07100RL 6 R Chip Lead Free Product identification by different labels Current label format for Pb containing termination Label format for Pb-free termination Lead free process 7 Yageo R Chip Lead Free time frame: - 2002 Q1 starts Lab level Lead Free production, 50Mpcs per month - 2003 Q1 starts mass production - 2004 Q1 40% converted to lead free - 2004 Q2 90% converted to lead free - 2004 Q3 (1st July) 100% converted to lead free - 2006 Q1 Remove lead R-Chip from website Note: From Sep. 2004 to the end of 2005, Yageo website will co-exist lead free and lead datasheets. 8 R Chip Lead Free Product types & Lead Time & Storage: -Lead Time: same as normal(normal: non Lead Free) - Product series: all types, includes commodity & specialty, thick film & thin film - Storage conditions: (JIS C 0806) –Temperature: -5 to 40 ℃ –Related humidity: 40 % to 60 % RH 9 Price of Lead Free R Chip Price Adder of Lead Free: 0.05 usd/kpcs Reasons of Price adder/Cost up: - Separate logistic handling(2 PNs, 2 Warehousing) - Very high material cost(solution:40 Times than Pb containing solution) - Low plating efficiency(Lower plating current, longer time) - Higher cost for waste water handling Market input: Competitors are with same cost structure & price strategy(with Adder). 10 Lead-free Termination Products Evaluation Test A. Solderability analysis a.1 Solderability a.2 Solderability after baking a.3 Solderability after steam a.4 Leaching a.5 Wetting balance after steam Solder paste: Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu B. Mechanical analysis b.1 Robustness of termination b.2 Bending test C. Reliability Tests c.1 Short time overload c.2 Endurance at upper category (Dry heat) c.3 Endurance test c.4 Humidity test c.5 Rapid change of temperature (Temperature cycling) c.6 Humidity test c.7 Damp heat test Test Specification & Reference Documents •IEC 60115-8 •IEC 60068 Test method •SONY SS-00254 •JIS 5202 General rule 11 SMT Application --Lead-free Termination Products & Solder Paste IR Reflow Temperature Profile T (℃) 300 Peak: 250~255℃ 250 230℃ or Higher 200 150 ° 30±10s Wave Soldering - 2653℃/5 s 180℃ ° Pre-heating 150℃ ° 90±30s 100 Hand Soldering -35010℃/3 s 50 0 Infrared Soldering - The Ideal condition is to have solder mass controlled to 1/2 to 1/3 of the thickness of the product. 12 Solder profile for Lead free reflow soldering 13 Solder profile for Lead free Wave soldering 14 A simplified tin-lead phase diagram Sn90Pb10: 217°C Pure Sn: 232°C 15 Application of Lead Free R Chip Lead Free Process Non Lead Free process Lead Free Products Needs to adjust Soldering profile OK Non Lead Free products OK OK Lead Free products are also suitable for Non Lead free Process without changing soldering profile. 16 Lead-free Termination Plating Process D.I.Water Management Chemicals Management Pre-treatment Ni Plating Rinsing Lead-free Plating Post-treatment Waste water Management 17 Lead free Certification 18 19 20 Thank you