Transcript Component Identification - Conestoga Valley Blog Site

Component Identification &
Schematic Symbols
Electronics 1
CVHS
Basic Elements of a Circuit
Three Essential Elements
Load
– Complete Path
– Power Source
–
Additional Elements
Control Device
– Protective Device
–
What is a Schematic
A schematic is a drawing that uses symbols to represent a
complete electronic circuit. Schematics are necessary when
building and troubleshooting circuits to easily understand the
electrical path between components.
Schematic Showing
Complete Circuit
Resistors
Provide resistance to electrical energy (voltage drop)
Labeled with a resistor color code (displays resistance
value in ohm’s & tolerance %)
Physical size determines power (Wattage) value
Schematic symbol:
Capacitors
Store & quickly discharge electrical energy
Labeled with measure of capacitance
Unit of measure: farads (f)
Schematic symbol:
Diodes
Permit one-way flow of electricity
Made of semiconductor material
Schematic symbol:
Transistor
Acts as an electronic amplification device (Controls
large current with a small current)
Made of semiconductor material
PNP of NPN
Schematic Symbols:
Coils
Made of coiled wire wrapped around some type of
core material (plastic, metal, air)
Units of measure: henrys (h)
Schematic symbol:
Transformer
Made of two or more separate coils wrapped around
a core material
Change voltage/ amperage levels (step-up/ stepdown)
Schematic symbol:
SCR
Acts as electronic switching device
Once triggered it stays on until all power is
removed from the circuit
Made of semiconductor material
Schematic symbol:
Light Sensitive Components
Photo cell
Changes resistance
Light-dark
Schematic symbol:
Solar cell
Produces electricity from
light
Schematic Symbol:
Lamp
Neon
Incandescent
LED
Power Source
A power source is
anything used to
energize an electric
circuit.
Usually a power source
is either a battery or
some form of AC power
(wall outlet, generator,
etc.)
DC power source symbol
AC power source symbol
Ground
You can think of ground
as the negative side of
the circuit, or the
connection to the chassis
of a piece of electronic
equipment, but usually
ground refers to the
earth, as all household
receptacles should have
a proper earth ground
Chassis Ground symbol
Earth ground symbol
Review
1
4
7
5
2
6
3
8
Bonus
Factor Conversion
Throughout this course, you will work with numbers in many
different factors.
It is important that you understand how to convert these
numbers from one factor to another in order to have an
answer that makes sense
The most common factors used in electronics are:
Tera (T), Giga (G), Mega (M), Kilo (K),
milli (m), micro (μ), nano, (n), and pico (p)
Remember, in order to convert between factors, you just need to
find the number of steps away from the base unit and the
direction of decimal movement.
Factor Conversion
(μ)
Practice, Convert the following:
–
–
–
–
23 pf
.52 MΩ
374 Kh
.0008 TW
0.000,000,000,023 f
_________________
520,000,000,000 μΩ
_________________
374,000,000 mh
_________________
800,000,000,000 mW
_________________