Transcript Simple Layout Class 1 - Network and Systems Laboratory

Network and Systems Laboratory
nslab.ee.ntu.edu.tw
2010/12/10
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Network and Systems Laboratory
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Making A Hardware Board
Define system
requirements
Finding components
and design circuit
PCB board
Capture Schematic
Printed Circuit
Board (PCB) layout
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Professional PCB
manufacturers
Soldering
Components
Home made PCB
prototype
Testing
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Typical Process
Define requirements
Get the circuits
1.
2.
Design from scratch
Google
Ask some one who know
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Find components
2.
Which IC you want to use

Create component libraries in the PCB software
Capture schematic
3.
4.
Draw the circuit on the PCB software
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Layout
5.
1.
2.
3.
Decide the shape of the board
Placing components
Make connections
Make the hardware board
6.
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Export layout to manufacturer output, send to PCB manufacturer
Home made PCB
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Today’s Class
 Introduction
 Create schematic library
 Capture schematic
 Next week
 Create PCB library (footprint)
 Layout
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First Of All -- Schematic
Rectangle with
numbers are usually
connector
Rectangle with pin
names are usually
components
Usually on the schematic or
their description, they will tell
you what component it is (part
number). You can find the
datasheet of the component
from Internet
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Taroko Schematic
Switches
LEDs
Light sensors
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Real Device And Schematic
There will be a
designator for
each component
on schematic. And
it is 1-to-1 map to
the PCB board
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Map to Real Device
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Map to Real Device
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Map to Real Device
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Resources Available On Internet
 Books
 Google
 Application notes
 A document which gives more specific details on using a
component in a specific application
 Provided by IC manufacturers

Example: TI MSP430 application notes
 Reference design
 Especially RF IC
 Example: CC2420 reference design
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Search For Datasheet
 M25P80
 Datasheet

8 Mbit, low voltage, serial Flash memory with 75 MHz SPI bus
interface
 It is a flash memory
 SHT11
 Datasheet

SHT1x / SHT7x
 Temperature and Humidity Sensor
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What To Look In Datasheet
 Functionality
 What does this IC do
 Electrical Characteristic
 Supply voltage
 Current consumption
 Etc
 Application Information
 How to make it work
 Packages
 What is the IC looks like
 Shape, size, pins design, pitch, etc.
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M25P80 Datasheet
SPI interface
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M25P80 Signal Description
SPI interface
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Connect M25P80 and MSP430
Pin 2, 5, 6 is SPI
interface on M25P80,
connected to SPI
interface of MSP430
Chip select and Hold
pin connected to GPIO
pins on MSP430
Write Protect is connected
to Vcc, that means we are
not using write protect
function
GPIO on
MSP430
The SPI interface is
shared with radio chip
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SPI interface
on MSP430
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M25P80 Datasheet
 Usually at the end of the datasheet, there will be some
section call “Packaging information”, “Package”, ……
 This section contain the information about how the
chip looks like
 Lets take a look at the common packages
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M25P80 Packages
 A chip may have
more than one
package
 M25P80 has three
 Package
information gives
you the footprint
of the chip
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SO8W
 We use M25P80 SO8W package on Taroko
b
e
E
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A dot here
defines pin #1
E1
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Through-hole vs SMD
 Through-hole
 A mounting scheme
 Pins inserted into holes drilled in PCB and soldered to
pads on the opposite side
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
Expansion connector on Taroko
Light sensor on Taroko
 SMD: surface mounted device
 Components are mounted directly onto the surface of
PCB
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Many devices on Taroko are SMD
Resistor, capacitor, MSP430, and more.
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Through-hole Packages
 SIP: single in-line packages
Through-hole package are
old, their number decreased
in modern design
 DIP: dual in-line packages
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SMD Packages
 Chip resistors, capacitors, inductors
 0402, 0603, 0805, …
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Represent size of the chip
0805 means 0.08” x 0.05” rectangle
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SMD Packages
 SO: Small outline
 Usually refer to IC with two rows of leads
 QFP: Quad flat package
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SMD Packages
 QFN: Quad flat package, no-leads
 The packages we introduced just now are most
commonly used
 Device datasheet should include the package
information
 You will need it for PCB layout
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SMD Packages
 BGA: Ball Grid Array
These two are widely used
in high end processor.
They allow more pin-out
from a single package. We
seldom use ICs in these
package, it is too difficult
to solder by hand
 PGA: Pin Grid Array
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Power
?
Power
CC2420
Radio
MSP430
what about Power?
USB is 5V, MSP430 operating
range is 1.8V ~ 3.6V. How to
get supply power from USB?
USB
Sensors, memory, LEDs,
switches, expension
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Regulator
 A semiconductor device that converts an input DC
voltage (usually a range of input voltages) to a fixedoutput DC voltage
 Many types of regulators, most commonly used
 Linear regulators
 Switching regulators
 You might accept power supply from various sources
with different voltage, but you need a stable voltage for
your system
 Use a regulator
(5V ~ 40V)
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input
Regulator
output
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3.3V (fixed)
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Switching Regulator can
step up the voltage
Linear Regulator
(3.3V) input
Linear
regulator
 Output voltage < input voltage
 All linear regulators require an input voltage at least some
minimum amount higher than the desired output voltage

output 5V
This minimum amount is called drop-out voltage
 You can only step down the voltage
 Inefficient, power dissipated as heat
Power provided at the
output = 5V * 60mA
= 300mW
(5V ~ 40V)
Power provided at the
output = 3.3V * 60mA
= 198mW
input
Regulator
output
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Taroko
Power dissipated on regulator
= 300mW – 198mW
= 102mW
3.3V (fixed)
Taroko current
consumption=60mA
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Key Parameters of Regulators
 Input voltage range
 A range of possible input voltage
 Output voltage
 Fixed to some value
 Adjustable

Can be adjust by some external resistors
 Maximum output current
 Maximum current allowed
 Drop-out voltage
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Linear Regulator ICs
U25 on Taroko
 MCP1700T-3302TT (on Taroko)
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Typical Application Circuit
 Usually the datasheet has the typical application
circuit
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Why To Buy
 You have a schematic, and already found out what is
the components on it
 But, where to buy?
 Various sources
 Online retailers


www.digikey.com
www.mouser.com
These are probably two of the world largest
online electronic components retailers. If
the component you need cannot buy from
these two sources, you might want to
consider the other component!
 Local distributors
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Putting Things Together
 Hardware prototyping
 Breadboard
 Printed Circuit Board
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Breadboard
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Fast and easy
Signal unstable and inaccurate
Ugly!
Un-professional
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Printed Circuit Board
Home made PCB
 Take some time
 Professional
 Signal is more stable
Industry fabrication PCB
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Goal
 Design a term project control board
 Replace the Breadboard
 Place on you robot car
 Has Connectors to connect two Taroko’s
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Location node
Control node: receive infrared, control motor, receive location
 Provide power supply for Taroko
 Has connectors to connect two infrared sensors
 Has connectors to connect two motor (PWM output)
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Block Diagram
Connector
3-Pin
Infrared
Connector
3-Pin
Infrared
6V
Taroko
Location node
3.3V
Taroko
Control node
3.3V
Regulator
LM317L
Battery
4 AA
6V output
Connector
3-Pin
Motor
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Connector
3-Pin
Motor
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6V
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Components
 Battery connector: 2-pin,
 Regulator: LM317L, 8-pin SOIC
 Resistor, capacitor
 Taroko connector
 Location node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin
 Control node: 2x5 pin, 2x3 pin
 Infrared connector: 3 pin
 Motor connector: 3 pin
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PCB Layout
 Software
 We are using “Altium Design 6”
 There are many other software available
 Process
1. Initial setup
2. Create schematic library
3. Capture schematic
4. Create PCB library
5. PCB layout
6. Output
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Tools
 Altium Designer
 http://www.altium.com/products/altiumdesigner/en/altium-designer_home.cfm
 Trial version
 https://trial1.altium.com/?lang=us#:1sy923989
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Altium Designer 6
 Electronic product development solution
 Schematic capture
 PCB Board design
 Simulation
 FPGA design
 etc.
 We will use it to do the PCB layout
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PCB Layout Process
 Process
1. Initial setup
1.
2.
3.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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Create design workspace
Create PCB project
Add new “Schematic”, “PCB”, “Schematic library” and “PCB
library”
Create schematic library
Capture schematic
Create PCB library
PCB layout
Output
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Schematic Library
 Component list (what components you need)
 LM317L
 Miscellaneous components
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Resistor
capacitor
connectors
 Schematic library contain the components you will use
 Altium Designer has a collection of libraries
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Search the libraries
If the components you want is not in the libraries provide, you have
to create one (both AD7798, ADXL330 was not found)
 Create library components for AD7766 and ADXL330
Copy Miscellaneous components
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Capture Schematic
 Schematic library are ready
 Capture Schematic
 01
 02
Vcc
Vcc
GND
Vcc
Give every power
supply line a 0.1 μF
capacitor
REFIN(-), AIN1(-),
AIN2(-), AIN3(-)
connect GND
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Xout
Yout
Zout
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Vcc
2
4
6
8
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The Schematic
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Create your own schematic
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