Transcript Electronics Intro

Electronics: Intro
Quantities:
Voltage
Current
Power
Devices:
Resistor
Capacitor
Inductor
LED
Transistor
Op-Amp
Laws:
Ohm’s Law
Kirchhoff’s Laws
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Voltage
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
GI F d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
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Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
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Voltage
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
GI F d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d t o s e e t h i s p i c tu re .
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Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
Ph o t o - J PE G d e c o m p re s s o r
a re n e e d e d to s e e th i s p i c t u re .
Voltage = pressure that pushes electrons through circuit
Water analogy: voltage = altitude of water
Current
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Current
Current = flow of electrons through circuit
Water analogy: current = flow of water
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Power
http://www.usbr.gov/power/data/
sites/glencany/glencany.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Hydroelectric
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http://www.wapa.gov/newsroom/
cct/2005/july15/27no141a.htm
Power
http://www.usbr.gov/power/data/
sites/glencany/glencany.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Hydroelectric
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http://www.wapa.gov/newsroom/
cct/2005/july15/27no141a.htm
Power = voltage x current
Water analogy: power = altitude drop x flow
Resistor
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Resistor
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Resistor reduces current flow
Water analogy: flow less for winding river
Capacitor
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Capacitor
Capacitor stores charge
Water analogy: tank stores water
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Inductor
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1H
http://www.magnariders.com/html/
Rides/rally/2005_Rally.html
Inductor
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1H
http://www.magnariders.com/html/
Rides/rally/2005_Rally.html
Inductor creates magnetic field opposing current change
Water analogy: mill wheel with inertia opposes flow change
LED
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D
http://www.furuier.com/english/
product/index0.htm
http://www.xmission.com/~m3lody/
junk/xmas2002/lit_waterfall1.jpg
LED
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D
http://www.furuier.com/english/
product/index0.htm
http://www.xmission.com/~m3lody/
junk/xmas2002/lit_waterfall1.jpg
LED lights up and acts like voltage drop
Water analogy: lit waterfall
Transistor
C
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B
E
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Transistor
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C
Qu i c k T i m e ™ a n d a
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B
E
Transistor current flow controlled by second small current flow
Water analogy: spillway for dam controlled by hydraulic line
Op-Amp
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Op-Amp
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Op-amp magnifies voltage across inputs
Water analogy: Lever translates small pressure into high pressure
Ohm’s Law
9V
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Ohm’s Law
9V
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Current in resistor = voltage / resistance
Water analogy: flow = altitude drop / length of river
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
9V
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Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
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Sum of voltage drops around loop = 0
Water analogy: total altitude change for loop = 0
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Kirchhoff’s Current Law
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Kirchhoff’s Current Law
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Sum of current flowing out of node = 0
Water analogy: what flows in must flow out
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