Transcript automatic gate system for railways

Automatic Gate system for
Railways
Indian Institute of Technology
Hyderabad
Done By
Mayank Kurveti
Gude Prithvi
N.Chenchu Malla Reddy
Padmasini A.G.
Introduction
 This Project explicitly deals with one of the most common problem
that is traffic jams beside a Railway crossing.
 Since gates of Railway crossing are usually manually operated, for
most of the times, gates are kept closed for no reason increasing
road traffic.
 This project introduces an integrated circuit that serves this purpose
automatically.
 No human interference in this Railway gate system will make it
less vulnerable to such traffic jams and mishandling in gate opening
and closing.
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Working Principle
 This Circuit basically works on the principle of Light dependency.
 A Laser and LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) are the main
components of this circuit.
 Circuit works on the principle that when light from laser is allowed
to fall on LDR then circuit will ensure that gates are open and when
isn’t so gates are closed.
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Circuit Diagram
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Components Involved
 Laser
 Light Dependent Resistor
 Potentiometer
 Resistors
 LM 324 Comparator
 JK Flip Flop
 DC Motor
 Connecting Wires
 Timer Circuit
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 JK Flip Flop
It is actually a circuit made up of 2 cross coupled NOR gates. It has a
couple of stable states hence it is used to store information. It’s a dual
stable multivibrator. It is usually used to change the state of signals
across 2 inputs in order to get 1 or 2 outputs.
 LM 324 Comparator
The LM324 is a low voltage (2.7–5.5V) version of the dual and quad
commodity op amps. The LM324 has rail-to-rail output swing
capability and the input common-mode voltage range includes
ground. It reduces noise pickup and increase signal integrity.
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Working of the Circuit
 The circuit depends on the principle of Light Dependendent
Resistor(LDR).
 Circuit comprises of Laser source and LDR, until and unless light
from laser source is in contact with LDR ,the circuit will allow gate
to remain open.
 When the train passes, it becomes an obstacle that doesn’t allow
laser light fall over the LDR,this initiates the circuit .
 Circuit ensures gate is closed until a specific interval of time.
 When train passes by, circuit is again opened hence motor will
direct the gates to open.
 Low speed of closing of gate ensures that if interruption isn’t large
then gate is opened.
 Timer Circuit is used to direct the opening of gate
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Merits
 Introducing the following circuit will increase the efficiency of the
system.
 Management of Road transport will be better.
 It will also minimize the risk of deaths in accident with trains.
 Less traffic jam will be there.
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Demerits
 It includes a heavy infrastructure for construction of such automatic
gateway system.
 Employment will be decreased.(Major problem)
 There is a chance of error because trains aren’t the same in terms of
bogies attached to it.
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References
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.physics.com
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