Transcript Gerunds or Infinitives - English-for

VERBS FOLLOWED BY
GERUNDS OR INFINITIVES
Gerunds? Infinitives?
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GERUND: A verb form that ends in –ing and used
as a noun. (eating, running, flying)
INFINITIVE: to + base form of a verb (to eat, to run,
to fly)
Some verbs are followed by BOTH
gerunds and infinitives
begin, start, continue,
 can’t stand, hate
 love, like
Do you see any common themes in these words?
Talk about your present job (if you are working) or
a previous job using these words followed by
gerunds or infinitives.
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Some verbs are followed by both
infinitives and gerunds
BUT... Their meaning changes drastically!
 Forget
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Remember
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“Don’t forget to leave on time”; versus “I forget leaving”
“I remembered to catch the bus.” versus “I remember catching the
bus... But I can’t remember anything after that.”
Stop
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“She stopped speaking to her mother.” versus “She stopped to
speak to Kim.”
Talk about things you remember or forget doing in the past
(using gerunds)
Remind your classmate about something (using infinitives).
Some verbs are only followed by a
gerund
admit, deny, discuss, suggest, recall
 quit, finish
 avoid, escape, miss
 tolerate, resist
 enjoy, appreciate, imagine
 postpone, put off, practice
Talk about studying, making sentences with some
of these words followed by gerunds.
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Some verbs are followed only by an
infinitive
agree, decide, expect, plan, mean
 ask, beg, claim, offer, promise, refuse
 want, wish
 need, hope, wait, promise, expect,
 pretend, manage, have
Practice using these verbs followed by the infinitive.
Imagine that your daughter has just said she’s getting
married this summer. Report on a discussion with
her, her boyfriend, or with the potential “in-laws.”
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Some verbs follow the pattern:
verb + noun/pronoun + infinitive
Advise, command, instruct, urge, remind, warn, require,
convince, persuade, allow, tell, order, cause,
encourage, ask
 E.g., “She encouraged Becky to continue in the
program”
Do you see a common theme in those words?
Think about a time that you were given strong advice
(or a scolding); or think about a time when you
expressed a strong opinion. Tell the group about
that time, using the above words and sentence
pattern.
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Some verbs are followed by the base
verb only (no “to”)
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Have (meaning “cause”)
Let (meaning “allow”)
Make (meaning “force”)
Imagine you are part of a large family and will be
away for a week. Use the above words to give
instructions to your spouse (e.g., Don’t forget to
make Jonny clean his room.)
Quiz!
I enjoy __________.
1.
A.
B.
C.
D.
ski
to ski
skiing
skiid
The babysitter let Jonny ____________up until
midnight.
2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Stay
To stay
Stayed
Staying
Quiz!
Lori told us _______the answers when first reading
multiple choice questions.
3.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cover
To cover
Covered
Covering
We all hope __________the exam.
4.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pass
To pass
Passing
Passed
Quiz!
I miss ________spicy food.
5.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Eat
To eat
Eating
Ate
She suggested ________index cards when studying.
6.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Use
To use
Using
Used
Quiz!
7. Kim agreed _________with me tomorrow.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Comes
Come
To come
Coming
8. Pollen makes my eyes _________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Water
To water
Watering
Watered
9. Sara asked us ________our Sociology texts today.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bring
To bring
To bringing
Bringing
10. Next Fall we plan ________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Will graduate
Graduate
To graduate
Graduating
11. Sandra intends __________at 3:00.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Leave
To leave
Leaving
Will leaves
12. Please stop __________that ball.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bounce
To bounce
Bouncing
To bouncing
13. She decided _________married this summer.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Get
To get
Will getting
Getting
14. I started __________on the paper last night.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Work
Working
To work
Worked
Extra Practice?
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Go to the following website for a review of gerunds
and infinitives, and quizzes:
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/gerunds.ht
m
For another quiz, go to the following website, select
“ESL Trouble Spots” and then select “Verbs followed by
gerunds or infinitives”
http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/bedhandbook7enew/
Player/Pages/Frameset.aspx
To learn much more about gerunds and infinitives, go to
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/index.html