Transcript Sentence Structure

SENTENCE STRUCTURE
Sentences are made up of parts
EVERY SENTENCE MUST…
Have a capital letter at the beginning
 Include an ending punctuation mark
 Have a subject and a verb
 Express a complete thought
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IS IT A SENTENCE?
She ate pizza with friends. S
 my dog ran across the street. NS
 even though tacos are his favorite. NS
 How many sports do you play NS
 John on Thursday. NS
 List your favorite movies. S
 Trudy works on the newspaper
staff. S
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INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
An independent clause has a subject and a
verb and expresses a complete thought.
 An independent clause can stand alone as a
sentence.
 An independent clause can also be thought of
a simple sentence.
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DEPENDENT CLAUSE
A dependent clause is also called a
subordinate clause.
 A dependent clause does not express a
complete thought.
 It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
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When we went shopping
Because she went to a different school last year
FOUR TYPES OF SENTENCES
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A simple sentence, also called an independent
clause, contains a subject and a verb, and it
expresses a complete thought.
 Sam
is an eighth grader.
 We went to Colorado last summer.
SIMPLE SENTENCES
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A simple sentence can have a compound
subject and/or a compound verb.
 Trudy
and Jack are on the newspaper staff.
Trudy and Jack are
compound subjects
 John
golfs and studies on Thursday.
golfs and studies are
compound verbs
COMPOUND SENTENCE
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A compound sentence contains two
independent clauses joined by a conjunction.
I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend
tried to speak English. I and friend are the two
subjects.
Michael studied for math, but he also
studied for his English test. Michael and he are
the two subjects.
FANBOYS
Compound Sentences include a conjunction.
Think FANBOY:
 For
 And
 Nor
 But
 Or
 Yet
 So
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COMPLEX
A complex sentence has an independent clause
and one or more dependent clauses.
 A complex sentence always has a subordinate
conjunction such as because, since, after,
although, or when or it may contain a relative
pronoun such as that, who, or which.
 The subordinate conjunction and the relative
pronoun are used to introduce the dependent
clause.
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WORDS THAT SIGNAL A COMPLEX SENTENCE
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Time
after, as, as soon as, before, even after, even before, since, until, when, while, whenever
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Place
everyplace, everywhere, where, wherever
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Manner
as, as if, as though
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Cause
as, because, inasmuch as, since, so that
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Condition
if, on condition that, provided, unless
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Concession
although, even though, though
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Relative pronouns
who, whom, whose, that which
COMPLEX SENTENCES
When he handed in his test, he forgot to put his
name on the paper.
 Because his name was missing, the teacher
took off five points.
 Frank talked to the teacher after he saw his
mistake.
 The teacher would not change his score since it
was a class rule.
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COMPLEX SENTENCES
Everywhere they traveled in Europe, the
Johnson’s ran into fellow Americans.
 The city was crowded, and the tourists were
tired.
 The city was crowded when the tourists
boarded the train.
 France is my favorite country because I love the
food and the countryside.
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COMPOUND/COMPLEX SENTENCES
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Compound/Complex sentences contain two or
more independent clauses, and at least one
dependent clause.
first
independent
clause
second independent
clause
 Our
basketball team won the game, and we went
on to win the tournament, because the coach
believed in our players.
dependent clause
COMPOUND/COMPLEX
Shannon ate pizza when she went to the mall,
but she did not eat any ice cream.
 It took four days to catch up on school work
when I returned from the soccer tournament.
 Jason loves to watch the movie after he reads a
book, and he usually like the book better.
 She was the woman who borrowed my car, so I
feel she is responsible for filling it with gas.
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NOW IT’S YOUR TURN
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Write one simple sentence, one compound
sentence, one complex sentence, and one
compound/complex sentence.