Transcript Unit 4: The Universe

Unit 4: The Universe
2016 Alabama COS Objectives
• 1. Engage in argument from evidence to compare
various theories for the formation and changing
nature of the universe and our solar system.
• 2. Develop and use models to illustrate the lifespan
of the sun, including energy released during nuclear
fusion that eventually reaches Earth through
radiation.
2016 Alabama COS Objectives
• 3. Evaluate and communicate scientific information
(e.g., Hertzsprung-Russell diagram) in reference to
the life cycle of stars using data of both atomic
emission and absorption spectra of stars to make
inferences about the presence of certain elements.
• 6. Obtain and evaluate information about
Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton, and Einstein to
communicate how their findings challenged
conventional thinking and allowed for academic
advancements and space exploration.
Anticipation Guide
Before the lesson begins, answer each of the following
questions as true (T) of false (F) in the Before column.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
All scientists agreed how the universe began.
The universe is a constant and does not change.
We live in the Milky Way Galaxy.
Our sun is the center of the universe.
Stars, planets, and moons are the only important things in the
universe.
The words universe and galaxy mean the same thing.
The Earth has always been as it is now.
The Earth is the center of the Universe.
All planets are basically the same.
The earth has three layers.
After the lesson ends, update any of your answer choices
that might have changed in the After column.
Essential Questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is the universe?
How did the universe form?
What stuff makes up the universe?
How do planets form?
Is the universe changing?
Where does Earth and man fit into the universe?
Essential Question 1:
What is the
Universe?
The Universe is all of
time and space.
The Universe is simply
everything.
Essential Question 2:
How did the
Universe form?
There are many theories surrounding
the formation of the universe.
Some of the theories include:
• The Big Bang Theory
• The 4-dimensional Black hole Theory
• The Steady-State Theory
• The Multiverse Theory
• The Oscillating/Cyclic Universe Theory
• Religious Theories
– Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainuism
– Christianity, Judaism, and Islam
• The Chaos Theory
What do you believe?
In your comp books, write a brief paragraph
explaining how you believe the universe began.
• It must be 4- 5 complete sentences.
• Explain WHY you believe this way.
• You have 5 minutes.
• Leave the rest of the page blank.
*If you would like to share your belief, we will
discuss them once time is up.
Essential Question 3:
What stuff makes
up the Universe?
The Universe is made up of:
Stars
Planets
Moons
Asteroids and comets
Nebulae
Star Clusters
Galaxies
Pulsars
Quasars
Black Holes
Dark Matter
How do we know these things exist?
Since recorded history, man has been looking up at
the heavens wondering what it all means and where it
all came from.
• Aristotle- came up with the
1st documented model of the
universe over 2,000 years ago,
(315 BCE) using math and a
Small, simple telescope.
– His model was geocentric.
– Geocentric means
Earth-centered.
• In 150 CE, Ptolemy suggested the addition of
epicycles to Aristotle’s model to explain retrograde
motion.
– Retrograde motion is when
planets appear to move
backwards.
• In 1543 CE, Copernicus really
shook things up be suggesting
a heliocentric solar system.
- Heliocentric means Suncentered.
Space Shuttles
Radio Telescopes
Today, we have much more
sophisticated tools to see
what’s out there.
Radio
Interferometer
Satellites
Hale Telescope
Spectroscope
Hubble Space
Telescope
Group Investigation
You will be working in groups of 2-4 to
investigate 1 of the 8 Formation Theories
presented earlier and 1 or 2 of the items found
in space.
•Your group will present your finding to the class
next time we get together.
–Be prepared to defend your assigned theory
–Explain your group’s space item and it’s
purpose/role in the universe.