Transcript Pronouns - fhspanish

Direct and
Indirect Object
Pronouns
When, why and how
Pronoun - - a definition
A
pronoun is a word that takes the
place of a noun. Pronouns can be
in one of three cases: Subject,
Object, or Possessive
Direct Object Pronouns
Direct Objects Pronouns
me
te
lo, la
nos
os
los, las
Yo
Tú
Él, ella, usted, (it)
Nosotros
Vosotros
Ellos, ellas, ustedes, (them)
What is a direct object?
 It
is the object that receives the
action of the verb
 A direct object can be a person or
a thing
 It answers the question: “What” or
“Whom” with regard to what the
subject of the sentence is doing.
Ejemplos
Tito vendió el carro.
“What” did Tito sell? el carro
Therefore “el carro” is the direct object.
Tania pateó Martín.
“Whom” did Tania kick? Martín
Therefore “Martín” is the direct object.
Indirect Object Pronouns
Indirect Objects Pronouns
me
te
le/se
nos
os
les/se
Yo
Tú
Él, ella, usted, (it)
Nosotros
Vosotros
Ellos, ellas, ustedes, (them)
What is an indirect object?
 It
is the person that receives the
direct object
 A direct object is a person
 It answers the question: “To whom”
or “For whom” the action of the
verb is performed.
Ejemplos
Mamá dio la carta a Marco.
“To whom” did Mamá give the letter? Marco
Therefore “Marco” is the indirect object.
Enrique compró flores para Anita.
“For whom” did Enrique buy flowers? Anita
Therefore “Anita” is the indirect object.
Placement
Direct Objects
Affirmative sentences with ONE verb:
Pablo come vegetales.
¿Qué come Pablo? Vegetales
Therefore, vegetales is the direct object. It
is masculine and plural, so its pronoun is
“los”. The pronoun is placed before the
verb.
Pablo los come.
Direct Objects
Negative sentences with ONE verb:
Pablo no come vegetales.
Pablo no los come.
Pablo nunca come los vegetales.
Pablo nunca los come.
Direct Objects
Affirmative sentences with TWO verbs:
In an affirmative sentence with two verbs, the
first verb is conjugated and the second stays in
the infinitive form. There are two possiblitiels:
Place the pronoun before the first verb.
Puedes beber la leche.
La puedes beber.
b) Add the pronoun to the second verb, the
infinitive.
Puedes beberla.
Direct Objects
Negative sentences with TWO verbs:
In an negative sentence with two verbs, the
first verb is conjugated and the second stays in
the infitive form. There are two possiblitiels:
a) Place the pronoun between the word “no”
(or other negative words) and the first verb.
No la puedes beber.
b) Add the pronoun to the second verb, the
infinitive.
No puedes beberla.
Direct Objects
To emphasize or contrast direct object
pronouns that refer to a person, add a
phrase using “a” with the personal
pronoun.
¿Conoces a David y a Victoria?
Lo conozco a él, pero no a ella.
Direct Objects
In the progressive tense (ING FORMS) there
are two possibilities for placing the
pronoun:
a) Place the pronoun before the verb
“estar”.
Estoy leyendo el nuevo libro de Gabriel
García Márquez.
Lo estoy leyendo.
b) Add the pronoun to the gerund.
Estoy leyéndolo.
Direct Objects
When constructing an affirmative
command, attach the pronoun to the end
of the verb. Add an accent on the
appropriate syllable unless it is a command
that is a single syllable.
Pon la correspondencia en la mesa por
favor.
Ponla en la mesa por favor.
Compra la leche hoy por la tarde.
Cómprala hoy por la tarde.
Direct Objects
When constructing a negative command,
place the pronoun between the word “no”
(or other negative words) and the
command.
No pongas la correspondencia en la mesa.
No la pongas en la mesa, por favor.
Indirect Objects
When two pronouns are in the same
setnence, both should be placed before
the verb. The first pronoun is the indirect
object pronoun followed by the direct
object.
IO + DO + Verb
Indirect Objects
Indirect object pronouns “le” and “les”
change to “se” when they are placed
along side the direct object pronouns: lo,
la, los and las.
Romeo escribe un poema a Julieta.
Romeo se lo escribe.
Indirect Objects
If two pronouns are attached to an
infinitive, an accent should be added to
the appropriate syllable.
Pedro quiere dar la noticia a Gabriela.
Pedro quiere dársela.
¡Vamos a practicar!
Práctica
María envía una carta a Pablo.
Objeto directo: una carta
Objeto indirecto: Pablo
Marta se la envía.
Práctica
Ana compró un regalo para Ben.
Objeto directo: un regalo
Objeto indirecto: Ben
Ana se lo compró.
Práctica
José dio un beso a Emilia.
Objeto directo: un beso
Objeto indirecto: Emilia
José se lo dio.