Transcript Practice with verb phrases

Notes on verb phrases
What is a verb phrase?
• When TWO or MORE verbs in a sentence work
together to express the action of that
sentence. For example:
– I need to sleep now.
• You just don’t need and you aren’t sleeping,
but together they convey a different meaning:
that you need to sleep.
2 easy steps!
• Step #1: Conjugate 1st Verb
• Step #2: Leave 2nd verb in the infinitive
(ar/er/ir form)
Wait, what’s an infinitive?
• In English . . .
• The “To” form of the verb
• In Spanish, they always end in . . .
-ar, -er, or -ir
• for example:
• To call = llamar
• To eat = comer
• To write = escribir
We know 8 verb phrases: (translate to Spanish)
• wants to
quiere + INF (e-ie)
• needs to
necesita+ INF
• is able to/can
• decides to
decide+ INF
• knows how to
• is going to
• has to
puede + INF [poder, o-ue]
sabe+ INF [*yo sé*]
ir + a + INF
tiene que + INF [go verb, e – ie]
• is doing something now
“-ing”, está + ando/iendo
These need more
than just two
verbs
Conjugate Querer – to want
quiero
queremos
quieres
quiere
quieren
Yo quiero comer mantequilla
I want to eat butter.
Queremos llamar a Beyonce
We want to call Beyonce.
You want to find a handsome boy.
Quieres encontrar un
chico guapo.
She wants to live in Hawaii
Ella quiere vivir en Hawaii
poder=
to be able / can
puedo
podemos
puedes
puede
pueden
Justin puede bailar.
Justin can dance.
We can watch Justin on TV
Podemos ver a Justin en la
televisión
I cannot talk with Justin on the phone.
No puedo hablar con Justin por
teléfono.
You cannot touch Justin.
No puedes tocar a Justin.
Ir + a + inf
Going to ____
Voy
Vas
Va
Vamos
Van
voy
vamos
+ a + infinitive
vas
va
vamos
–ar –er –ir
2nd
1st
conjugate
the 1st verb
don’t
forget the
“a”
3rd
2nd verb
stays in the
infinitive
I am going to eat a hamburger
• Voy a comer la hamburguesa.
Notice that there is an
“am” in English, but no
need to use “ser” or
“estar” in Spanish.
Y’all are going to go to the zoo.
• Ustedes van a ir al zoológico.
Tener que + inf
• Have to ________
Tengo
Tienes
Tiene
Tenemos
Tienen
tengo tenemos
tienes
tiene
tienen
que + infinitive
–ar –er –ir
2nd
1st
conjugate
the 1st verb
don’t
forget the
“que”
3rd
2nd verb
stays in the
infinitive
I have to hug my dog.
Tengo que abrazar
a mi perro.
We have to ask for cheese.
Tenemos que pedir queso.
Conjugate necesitar – to need
Necesito
Necesitamos
Necesitas
Necesita
Necesitan
Ustedes necesitan llevar zapatos.
Y’all need to wear shoes.
I need to study Spanish.
Yo necesito estudiar español.
We need to hug the lion.
Nosotros necesitamos abrazar el león.
The boy needs to sleep.
El chico necesita dormir.
saber =
to know (facts/info)
sé
sabemos
sabes
sabe
saben
Conocer =
meet/know
people
I know how to read
Sé leer
Sabemos limpiar la casa
We know how to clean the house.
Present Progressive
• Like a verb phrase, it has two parts, but the
second part is a present participle, not an
infinitive.
• I am studying = estoy estudiando
• We are writing = estamos escribiendo
• The present progressive is used to express
something that is happening right now
To make the present progressive:
• you need the verb estar:
yo estoy
nosotros estamos
tú estás
él, ella, usted está
ellos, ustedes están
• and you need the participle:
-ar verbs
-er/ir verbs
-ando
-iendo
We are watching TV.
Estamos mirando la tele.
Are you talking on the phone?
¿Estás hablando por
teléfono?
Some present progressive tricky-ness:
• The –ando and –iendo participles don’t stemchange in the –ar and –er forms:
– estoy pensando en mi novio
– los chicos están jugando en la calle
But in –ir verbs, the participles DO
have a stem-change:
• Los perros están durmiendo con los gatos.
• El hombre está pidiendo un favor.