Transcript Sentence Structure Review

SENTENCE STRUCTURE REVIEW
SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, AND
COMPOUND-COMPLEX
WHAT IS A CLAUSE?
• Must have a subject/verb combination
• Two types of clauses
• Independent
Can stand by itself.
• Makes a simple sentence if no other clause attached
• May have many different phrases within the clause
• Dependent
• Cannot stand by itself
• Must have at least one independent clause with it to make a
sentence
• Begins with either a subordinating conjunction or a relative
pronoun
WHAT IS A CLAUSE?
• Independent Clause
• Can stand by itself.
• Makes a simple sentence if no other clause attached
• May have many different phrases within the clause
• Dependent
• Cannot stand by itself
• Must have at least one independent clause with it to make a
sentence
• Begins with
• Subordinating Conjunction
• AAAWWUUBBIS
• Relative pronoun
• that, who, whom, whose, which, where, when
WHAT IS A PHRASE?
• A small group of words typically forming a
component of a clause.
• It does not have either a noun or a verb
• Noun Phrases
• Appositives
• Gerund
• Infinitive Phrase
• Verb Phrase
• Adverbial Phrase
• Usually a prepositional phrase
• Adjectival Phrase
• Participial Phrase
• Prepositional Phrase
SIMPLE SENTENCE
• One independent clause
• May have compound subjects and verbs as well as
multiple phrases
• Examples:
• I love simple sentences.
• Being an English teacher with a penchant for syntactical
complexity, I love simple sentences.
• Being an English teacher with a penchant for syntactical
complexity, I love to read simple sentences upon getting up
and before going to bed.
COMPOUND SENTENCE
CC
;
• Two independent clauses connected by either a
coordinating conjunction or a semi-colon
• Coordinating conjunctions
• FANBOYS
• For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
• Remember that each independent clause can
have multiple phrases or compound subjects/verbs
• Sentence structure
• Independent Clause, cc Independent Clause.
• Note the comma before the coordinating conjunction
• Independent Clause ; Independent Clause.
COMPLEX SENTENCES
• Has both an independent clause and a dependent
clause.
• Does not matter where they appear for it to be
complex
• Difference matters in punctuation.
• Dependent clause begins with
• Subordinating conjunction
• Although, After, As, While, When, Until, Unless, Because, Before,
If, Since
• Relative Pronoun
• that, who, whom, whose, which, where, when
COMPLEX SENTENCES
• Remember the bicycle and the baskets.
• The dependent clause can be before, after or within the
independent clause.
• Examples
• Before I went to school, I ate breakfast and got dressed.
• Note when you begin with dependent clause, must have a comma
before independent clause.
• I ate breakfast and got dressed before I went to school.
• Before I went to school cannot stand alone
• I ate breakfast, that my mom made, and got dressed before I
went to school.
• That my mom made is a dependent clause which modifies
breakfast. It cannot stand alone
• NOTE: You can have more than one dependent clause in a sentence,
but if there is only one independent clause, it is still complex.
COMPLEX SENTENCES
• Independent clause subordinating conjunction dependent
clause.
• Dependent clause, subordinating conjunction dependent clause.
• Independent subject, dependent clause beginning with a
relative pronoun, independent predicate.
COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES
• Contains two or more independent clauses
(compound sentence) plus at least one dependent
clause (complex sentence).
CC
Independent
Clause
Independent
Clause
Dependent Clause
COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES
• Remember the proper punctuation necessary in
both compound and complex sentences
CC
Independent
Clause
Independent
Clause
Dependent Clause