Transcript What is a preposition?

PREPOSITIONS, CONJUNCTIONS,
AND INTERJECTIONS
6th Grade Language Arts and Reading
KMS
PREPOSITIONS
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Introduction Activity
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Write a few sentences that explain how to find the
closest public library.
Put your sentences aside for now. Let’s watch
the video link on the next slide and then we will
share our sentences underlining the prepositions
we used to give the directions.
PREPOSITIONS
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Watch the video linked below to find out what a
preposition is and listen for some examples of
words that are prepositions as well!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jC7Rffelb8&feature=bf_prev&list=PL4E423BB17
1CD8715&lf=results_main
Go back to your sentences and share them with
your partner and underline any prepositions like
down, to, under, near, on, around, and so on….
PREPOSITIONS
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Answer these questions after the video!
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What is a preposition?
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A preposition is a word that relates a noun or
a pronoun to some other word in a sentence.
Examples:
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The dictionary on the desk was open.
An almanac was under the dictionary.
Meet me at three o’clock tomorrow.
PREPOSITIONS
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Watch out! There are TONS of commonly used
prepositions. Make sure you write all of them down on our
notes!! Some are already there for you, but make sure you
get the rest.
Commonly Use Prepositions
aboard
as
despite
near
since
about
at
down
of
through
above
before
during
off
to
across
behind
except
on
toward
after
below
for
onto
under
against
beneath
from
opposite
until
along
beside
in
out
up
amid
between
inside
outside
upon
among
beyond
into
over
with
around
by
like
past
without
PREPOSITIONS
A preposition can consist of more than one word.
 Example:
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I borrowed the dictionary along with some other
reference books.
Prepositions of MORE than one word
according to
along with
because of
in spite of
on top of
across from
aside from
in front of
instead of
out of
PREPOSITIONS
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Read the sentences below. Fill in the blank using
a preposition.
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Use the dictionary that is __________ the table.
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I took the atlas ________ your room.
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Notice several prepositions fit each sentence.
The preposition you use changes where the item
is that you are connecting in the sentence.
PREPOSITIONS
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Day 1 Activity and Homework
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
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Introduction Activity:
Write a sentence or two that tells where and
when you might read a book.
Share your sentences with your table. Underline
the prepositions in the sentence based off of
yesterday’s lesson.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
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Now let’s talk about prepositional phrases!
A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a
preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun, which is
called the object of the preposition.
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Examples:
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Mr. Fromwiller has an almanac from the nineteenth century.
Preposition
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Object of preposition (noun)
The almanac has a special meaning for him.
Preposition
Object of preposition (pronoun)
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
Now go back to your introduction activity
sentences and underline the prepositional
phrase.
 Draw an arrow from the preposition to the
noun/pronoun that is the object of the
preposition.
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Example:
 We met in front of the library at noon.
 In front- tells where
 Of the library- tells where
 At noon- tells when
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PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
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Prepositional Phrases:
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can have a compound (more than one) object.
Examples:
 Almanacs contain lists of facts and figures.
 Grace shows one to her sisters and her classmates.
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Prepositional Phrases:
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can have more than one prepositional phrase
Example:
 We left our notes under the almanac on the shelf.
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PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
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Prepositional Phrases:
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Can appear anywhere in the sentence- at the
beginning, in the middle, or at the end.
Examples:
 At the library students examind the almanac.
 Students at the library examined the almanac.
 Students examined the almanac at the library.
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PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
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Day 2 Activity and Homework
PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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Introduction Activity
Read the sentence below. Tell what is wrong with it and
then write it correctly.
Lisa’s dog ran to Lisa, jumped on Lisa, and stole a cookie
with Lisa.
Remember back to our pronoun unit? We use pronouns to
replace nouns to avoid using nouns over and over.
Now that you have corrected the sentence find the
prepositions and circle them. Then, Underline the
prepositional phrases, and draw an arrow from the
preposition to the pronoun in the prepositional phrase.
PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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When a pronoun is the object of a preposition,
remember to use an object pronoun and not a
subject pronoun.
Example:
 Michael handed the dictionary to Sarah.
 Replace Sarah with object pronoun HER
 Michael handed the dictionary to her.
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PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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Sometimes a preposition will have a compound object
consisting of a noun and pronoun.
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Remember to use an object pronoun in a compound object.
Example:
I borrowed the dictionary from Sam and Jacob.
Replace Jacob with object pronoun
HIM
I borrowed the dictionary from Sam and him.
How do you know to use HIM rather than HE?
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Test it out- try saying the sentence aloud with only the
pronoun following the preposition.
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I borrowed the dictonary from him (NOT he).
PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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Confusing WHO and WHOM
The pronouns who and whom are often confused.
Who is a subject pronoun, and whom is an
object pronoun.
Note how the pronouns are used in the
following sentences:
 Who told you about it?
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(Who is the subject)
To whom did you lend the almanac?
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( whom is the object)
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YOU  is the subject of the sentence
PRONOUNS AFTER PREPOSITIONS
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Day 3 Activity and Homework
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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Introduction activity
Before starting today’s lesson, let’s learn a song
to help us remember some of those commonly
used prepositions!! Follow along singing to the
tune of Twinkle, Twinkle little star!
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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Preposition Song
(To the tune of Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star)
At, around, above, about
Over, nearer, nearest, out
For, becoming, after, through
From, beneath, beyond, of, to
Since, beside, between, by, at
Off, on, up, along, into
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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Now that we reviewed some of the many
prepositions that are out there, write FIVE
sentences that have at least one prepositional
phrase in each.
We will come back to those sentences at the end
of our lesson.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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Prepositional phrases function as adjectives and adverbs in
sentences.
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A preprepositional phrase functioning as an adjective
describes a noun or pronoun.
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These phrases usually come directly after the noun or pronoun it
describes.
Example:
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(underline the prepositional phrase, and then draw an arrow to the
noun/pronoun it is describing)
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Africa is continent with many natural resources.
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One of the articles describes Africa vividly.
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The wildlife of Africa is varied and abundant.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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A prepositional phrase functioning as an adverb
describes a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb.
Adverb Phrases
Function
Examples
Describes a VERB
Wildlife abounds in Africa.
Dry savannas extend over many acres.
Describes an ADJECTIVE
Birds are exotic in color.
Describes an ADVERB
The Nile River flow west of Cairo.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES AS ADJECTIVES
AND ADVERBS
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Go back to the sentences you wrote at the
beginning of the lesson. Now, exchange papers at
your tables.
Draw a line from each prepositional phrase in the
sentence to the word being described.
Day 4 Activity and Homework
TELLING PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS
APART
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Introduction Activity:
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Let’s practice our song we learned from yesterday first!
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Now, I would like you to create FOUR sentences using the
following words:
ABOVE
 OVER
 INSIDE
 BEFORE
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For each sentence write the word or words that answer the
question where? Or when?
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Example: The clock is above the door.
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Where is the clock? (above the door)
TELLING PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS
APART
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Sometimes it is difficult to tell whether a word is a
preposition or an adverb. Both types of words can answer
the questions:
 Where? And When? as we just saw with our
introduction activity.
Several words are commonly used as prepositions and
adverbs. These are the words you want to look at carefully
when you see them!
Words that can be used as Prepositions or Adverbs
about
below
out
above
down
outside
around
in
over
before
inside
through
behind
near
up
TELLING PREPOSITIONS AND ADVERBS
APART
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Having trouble decided whether a word is used as preposition
or adverb?
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LOOK at the other words in the sentence
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Examples:
We ate our lunch outside the library.
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Followed closely by a noun- it is most likely a preposition and it is the object
of the preposition.
A preposition will be followed by the prepositional phrase, whereas the
adverb will not.
Preposition or Adverb?
Preposition
OUTSIDE is followed by LIBRARY 
phrase: outside the library.
prepositional
We ate our lunch outside.
Adverb
OUTSIDE answeres the question where? But is not followed
by a noun, which makes it an adverb in this sentence.
PREPOSITIONS
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Wrap up video:
http://www.brainpop.com/english/grammar/prepo
sitionalphrases/