Transcript The Story of an Hour

You need TWO
printouts of your
second draft for class
today! If you don’t
have them, run to
YBOR 303b and print!
Subjects and Verbs

The VERB:
1.
tells the ACTION of the sentence
OR
2.
connects the subject to a word that
renames or describes it (LINKING VERB).
Subjects and Verbs

The SUBJECT tells WHO OR
WHAT is DOING THE ACTION
of the sentence.
CLAUSES AND PHRASES
• A CLAUSE is a group of words that contains a
subject and its verb.
the boy ran
it is
people talk
if you go
• A PHRASE is a group of words that does NOT
contain a subject and its verb.
the boy next door
people with loud voices
being hungry
for a while
TYPES OF CLAUSES
• Some clauses can be complete sentences. These are
called INDEPENDENT CLAUSES.
the boy ran
people talk
it is
you go
• Some clauses have a subject and verb but cannot be
complete sentences. These are called DEPENDENT
CLAUSES. They have a dependent word (subordinating
conjunction) before the subject and verb.
while the boy ran
because people talk
since it is
if you go
TYPES OF PHRASES
Phrases can be of many types, added in various places in
sentences, and serve many purposes, but they CANNOT be
sentences on their own.
• A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or
pronoun (the object of the preposition).
at the store
during the concert
by myself
in my dreams
• A verbal phrase begins with a participle, gerund, or infinitive verb.
going crazy
known by everyone studying the book to run like the wind
• An absolute phrase has a noun and participle but no complete verb.
the dog barking
the woman driving
the map found in the book
• An appositive phrase simply renames a noun or a pronoun.
the only man to pitch seven no-hitters
Nice work!
my sister’s boyfriend
• An added detail phrase often starts with a word like especially, like, for
example, particularly, or including.
like a maniac
such as Star Wars
particularly at a wedding
CLAUSES AND PHRASES
The important things to remember:
•
A clause has a subject and complete verb that go
together; a phrase doesn’t.
•
An “-ing” verb cannot be the only verb in a sentence.
With no helping verb, it makes a phrase.
•
•
A phrase can never be a sentence by itself.
Clauses must be connected to other clauses in very
specific ways (with specific conjunctions and punctuation)
whereas phrases can be added more freely.
GRAMMAR #5: CLAUSES AND PHRASES
COMPLETE THE FULL EXERCISE ON MYHCC/CANVAS (50 POINTS).
1. A _________ can NEVER be a sentence all by itself.
A. clause
B. phrase
2. she was young
A. clause
B. phrase
3. reaching toward her through the sounds
A. clause
B. phrase
4. just as I believed
A. clause
B. phrase
5. Wright out to work all day
A. clause
B. phrase
PEER PROOFREADING OF
ANALYTICAL ESSAY
Your essay must be proofread by at least
two students from our class. Staple one form
to each printout, and mark it AND THE ESSAY.
At the end of class, return the essays to their
authors so that they can make changes before
submitting the final version of the essay.
Submit the marked-up drafts (with forms
attached) on the day the final version is due.
Mark ALL grammar, spelling, capitalization, punctuation, and formatting errors on the
essay and suggest ways to fix them.
A Few Helpful Hints for Proofreading:
 “Women” is plural; “woman” is singular.
 “Their/they/them” is plural; “his or her/he or she/
him or her” is singular. Someone did not change their mind;
someone changed his or her mind because “someone” is singular.
 A person is a “who” or “whom,” not a “that.”
 Avoid first or second person (I, me, my, we, us,
our, you, your). Try “people,” “readers,” “a person,” or “someone.”
 Avoid questions. Instead of asking them, answer them.
 Every quotation must have quotes, a parenthetical citation and a work-cited page listing.
 Be sure that the essay is proving a strong
thesis, not just retelling or “translating” the plot.