Transcript English_10_Grammar_PowerPoint

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A word that describes or modifies a verb.
Example: “Quickly” in the phrase “he ran quickly.”
To learn about adverbs of manner, click here.
The part of speech that is used to name a person, place, thing, quality, or action and can function as the
subject or object of a verb, the object of a preposition, or an appositive.
The part of speech that modifies a noun or other substantive by limiting, qualifying, or specifying and
distinguished in English morphologically by one of several suffixes, such as -able, -ous, -er, and -est, or
syntactically by position directly preceding a noun or nominal phrase.
The part of speech that expresses existence, action, or occurrence in most languages.
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USE: http://www.bartleby.com/59/7/index.html
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A participle is an adjective formed from a verb, when one
changes a verb in order to make it describe.
Adding “-ing” to a verb makes a present participle.
A
participle
phrase
usually begins
with a
participle
A past participle is formed differently, since not all verbs
form the past tense regularly.
We saw Mr. Swindells jumping into the lake.
Here the participle phrase “jumping into the lake" acts
as an adjective describing the proper noun “Mr. Swindells."
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(When a participle phrase is used to begin a sentence, it should be set off
by a comma.)
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*
A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition…
… and usually ends with a noun or pronoun
(called the object of the preposition).
I tried on every dress in the store.
You can come to my house.
Noun being
modified
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Prepositional
phrase
Verb phrase
Being modified
In the sentence, “Mr. Swindells hit the ball over the
fence,” the prepositional phrase “over the fence” modifies the
verb “hit,” because the phrase tells us more about the verb (it
explains the distance of the hit). Don’t be confused — “over
the fence” does not modify the noun “ball,” because — unless
the ball was corked — going “over the fence” has nothing to
do with the “ball.” It’s the “hit” that sends it out of the yard!
Prepositional
phrase
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Two words brought together as a compound may be written separately, as one word, or connected by
hyphens. For example, three modern dictionaries all have the same listings for the following compounds:
hair stylist
hairsplitter
hair-raiser
Another modern dictionary, however, lists hairstylist, not hair stylist. Compounding
is obviously in a state of flux, and authorities do not always agree in all cases,
but the uses of the hyphen offered here are generally agreed upon.
However, when compound modifiers come after a noun, they are not hyphenated:
The peanuts were chocolate covered.
forty-six
The author was well known.
sixty-three
a one-way street
chocolate-covered peanuts
well-known author
Our much-loved teacher was sixty-three years old.
re-sign a petition (vs. resign from a job)
ex-husband self-assured mid-September
Civil War
mid-1980s
all-inclusive mayor-elect anti-American T-shirt
pre-
(and make the break only between syllables)
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pref-er-ence
sell-ing
in-di-vid-u-al-ist
Slide 2For line breaks, divide already hyphenated words
only at the hyphen: mass-produced
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Adverb, verb
Verb, adverb,
We use adverbs of manner to tell us how something happened. They describe the way or style of doing something:
You can dance well.
She sang that song badly.
We usually put them at the end of the sentence, though sometimes they come before the main verb:
That book was written badly.
That book was badly written.
Many of these adverbs end in -ly:
awkwardly, badly, coldly, desperately...
Common irregular adverbs
of manner include:
high, late, near, well
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Information adapted from: http://www.teachertraining.net/companion/gg/adverbs/advmanner.htm
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Title Punctuation
Use quotes for
shorter works
Underline / italicize
longer works
Scenes
Poems
Novels
Articles
Songs
Albums
Movies
Periodicals
Names of bands, people, and places.
Titles of chapters.
The title as it appears before one’s own work.
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http://www.angelfire.com/ks/teachme/capitalization.htm
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If they are going they R-E- eally are going, so
If they’re there you know they’re not here, yo!
It really doesn’t matter, just lettin’ ya know
If they’re there with their, “E-I – E-I – Uh Oh!”
They’re — contraction for “they are”
Think: “They R –E –eally” (say it like Jim Carrey) “must go!”
There — indicator of location
Think: “HERE or THERE?”
Their — plural possessive
Think: “Are all farmers in dells so possessive of their ‘E-I’s?”
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Following these steps will help you to decide which form to use.
a. Isolate the clause which contains who or whom.
ex: The man (who, whom) she thought was perfect jilted her.
(who, whom) was perfect
b. Substitute the word he for who and him for whom.
he was perfect or him was perfect
c. Since he was perfect makes sense, you would use who.
d. Sometimes you will have to rearrange the clause into normal
word order.
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Run-on sentences contain multiple phrases
that could each function on its own as a
complete sentence. Run-ons often include
more that one conjunction, such as multiple
uses of “like,” “and," or “but.” To correct,
change the word-order or punctuation.
I work at Foulkeways and it is a pretty good place to work, because the people who work there are nice, all except for Lori she is mean
One solution:
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I work at Foulkeways. It is a pretty good place to
work because the people who work there are
nice, except for Lori. She is mean!
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Hey, you! Yeah, I’m talking to you. Don’t start writing in the past tense in the middle of a
random paragraph when you’ve written the whole story in present tense up to that point!
Look for unintentional shifts in tense when proofreading.
Come on! Catch this when proof-reading!
Correct the mistakes in verb tense from the paragraphs at this website:
http://teachers.net/lessons/posts/2893.html
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Problematic
and difficult
Problematic,
But aceessibile
Including quotes,
facts, or information from
another source into your own
writing to help defend your
thesis.
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Self-evident
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1. John, the naughty boy, got a lump of coal in his stocking.
2. The painting Starry Night is by artist Vincent Van Gogh
3. Tom, my friend's brother, won the lottery.
4. The car, a Corvette, rumbled down the road.
5. Neil, the drummer for a successful rock band, performed at the stadium.
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“They're are also homonyms; check there meaning their too.”
— http://192.211.16.13/curricular/pass2000/writingtips.htm
Look over
all winners
And this is
prize!
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Click here for
a list of homonyms!
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Something that represents sonething else, especially concrete representation
of moral or intellectual quality.
A manner of speaking or writing that shows a certain attitude on the part of the
speaker or writer, consisting in choice of words, phrasing, etc.
A mode of speech in which the meaning is the opposite of that actually
expressed.
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If you want to write or speak about one person without giving away his or her gender…
should never go to bed angry at
spouse.
(not “their spouse”)
Everyone is entitled to
opinion.
(not “their opinion”)
If you have a boyfriend or girlfriend,
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can go too.
(not “they can go too”)
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Using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas
have the same level of importance.
I enjoy eat ice cream, tak
baths, and when I go fishing.
go
fishing.
Don’t take my word for it … to check out Purdue University’s OWL writing site for more on parallel
structure, click here.
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http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/toc.cfm
www.dictionary.com
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