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Verbals and Verbal Phrases !!AWESOME!! Verbal A word that is often a verb and in verb form, but is not acting as the verb in the sentence. It is acting as a noun or a modifier. subject Candy looked Adjective verb subject is lame. verb yesterday. Gerund A verbal is a word that ends in ing and functions as a noun. This can be used as a: Subject Direct object Subject complement Object of the preposition Inventing can be dangerous. Subject Gerund Phrase A gerund plus its modifiers and complements. A gerund phrase functions as a noun. Writing Alice in Wonderland must have given Lewis Carol many good laughs. Using Gerund Phrases Underline the gerund phrase. Identify it’s function. subject Calling the dog a pitbull is a mistake. Predicate noun Harry’s error was creating the gooseberry flan. Direct object I like watching romantic comedies. object of a preposition The cat was responsible for eating three fish. Participle Verb form that acts as an adjective; participles modify nouns or pronouns. There are two kinds of participles. Present Participle Always ends in ing Creaking eerily, the door swung open. Participle Past Participle Often ends in –ed. Needs to be the past tense of the verb. Can also end in –d, -en, -t, or –n. Examples: used, beaten, dealt, or seen. The deserted building was old and decrepit. Fallen bricks blocked the entry. Participle Phrase A participial phrase consists of a participle plus any modifiers and complements of the participle. The entire phrase modifies a noun or pronoun Participle Phrase They noticed a girl lurking in the dark shadows. Frightened by the sight, they stopped cold. Participle Practice Identify the participle phrase and what it modifies. Carrying a pile of papers, he walked very carefully. The earrings dangling from her ears caught the attention of the baby. Mangled in the wind storm, the trampoline could not be fixed. Gerund, Participle, or Verb? What’s that scampering sound? participle It’s the scampering of rodents. gerund Mice are scampering beneath the floorboards. verb Identify the participle, gerund, and verb. Infinitive A verb form that consists of the word to and the base form of a verb. It may function as a: Noun Adjective adverb Boston is a place some people want to visit. Infinitive Phrase An infinitive plus its modifiers and complements. To believe in life on Mars is common. Mel might use my car to drive to Manhattan. I took time to read an old book of healing remedies. Infinitive In a sentence an infinitive may function as a: Subject Direct object Subject complement Adjective Adverb Direct Object Boston is a place some people want to visit. Infinitive Phrase An infinitive plus its modifiers and complements. subject To believe in life on Mars is common. adjective Mel might use my car to drive to Manhattan. I took time to read an old book of healing remedies. adverb Using Infinitive Phrases subject To colonize Mars is a real possibility. Scientists write about new discoveries to share their ideas. adverb Predicate noun My dream is to live in a large, green house. Even the police believe the old deserted house to be inhabited. adjective Infinitive Phrase or Prepositional Phrase? 1. Infinitive = to + verb To see To pick up 2. Preposition = to + noun To us To Sandy Infinitive Phrase or Prepositional Phrase? Prep Phrase 1. Of all the planets, Mars is most similar to Earth. Infinitive 2. It was easy to imagine creatures on Mars. Infinitive 3. Would you like to travel to Mars? Prep Phrase 4. I prefer to go to libraries for information. Prep Phrase Now, Take Your Practice!