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Verbals and Verbal Phrases !!AWESOME!! I’m taking grades on your notes….so…I guess…take that as you may Verbal • A word that is from a verb and that acts as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. • Candy looked tired yesterday • Crying is lame Gerund • A verbal that ends in ing and acts as a noun. • Inventing can be dangerous. Gerund Phrase • A gerund plus its modifiers and complements. • Writing Frankenstein must have given Mary Shelly goose bumps. Using Gerund Phrases • As long as the gerund or gerund phrase is not acting as a verb….it is a verbal. • • • • • Underline the gerund phrase. subject Calling the monster Frankenstein is a mistake. Predicate noun Frankenstein’s error was creating the monster. Direct object I like watching horror movies object of a preposition The monster was responsible for killing three people. Participle • Verb form that acts as an adjective • There are two kinds of participles. • Present Participle – Always ends in ing The eerily creaking door swung open. Participle • There are two kinds of participles. • Past Participle – Always (well almost always) ends in ed The deserted building was old and decrepit. Fallen bricks blocked the entry. Participle Phrase • A participial phrase consists of a participle plus its modifiers and complements. • The entire phrase modifies a noun or pronoun Participle Phrase • They spied a shape lurking in the dark shadows. • Frightened by the sight, they stopped cold. Participle Phrase or Prepositional Phrase? • If a verb follows to it is a participle phrase. • If a noun or pronoun follows to it is a prepositional phrase ING words • What’s that scampering sound? • It’s the scampering of rodents. • Mice are scampering beneath the floorboards. • Identify the participle, gerund, and verb. Infinitive • A verb form that usually begins with the word to and acts as a noun, adjective , or adverb. • Mars is a place some people want to visit. Infinitive Phrase • An infinitive plus its modifiers and complements. • To believe in life on Mars was common in the 1930s. • Martians might use flying saucers to invade Earth. • I took time to read an old science fiction book. Participle Phrase or Prepositional Phrase? 1. Of all the planets, Mars is most similar to Earth. 2. It was easy to imagine creatures on Mars. 3. Would you like to travel to Mars? 4. I prefer to go to libraries for information. Using Infinitive Phrases Underline Infinitive Phrases and identify as nouns, adverbs, or adjectives. subject • To colonize Mars is a real Possibility. • Science fiction writers wrote about little green Martians to scare readers. adverb Predicate noun • My dream is to live on Mars • Even some scientists believed Mars to be inhabited. adjective • Pg 171 – A 1-5 – Write down gerund phrase – Underline gerund • Pg 174- A 1-5 – Write participial phrase and underline participle. – Do Part B • Pg 177-A 1-5 – Write down infinitive phrase – underline infinitive.