Transcript Infinitive Formation

Infinitives
Latin II
Chapter VI
Definition
Infinitives are the “to” form of the verb
The form you are most familiar with is
the second principal part, in other
words, the present active infinitive
Formation
Present
2nd pp
“to x”
2nd pp – final “e” + i
(3rd + 3rd-io drop “ere”)
“to be x-ed”
Perfect
3rd p.p. + sse
“to have x-ed”
Future
4th pp + esse
“to have been x-ed”
4th pp - us +urus, a, um + esse
“to be about to x”
[so rare don’t even
worry about it]
Third Conjugation Verbs
Be careful when forming the
present passive infinitive for 3rd
and 3rd -io conjugation verbs:
drop the entire infinitive ending
(ere)
add -i
Present Active Infinitive
2nd pp
to “x”
servo, servare
to keep
Present Passive Infinitive
2nd pp – “e” + “i”
to be “x-ed”
servari
to be kept
Present Passive Infinitive 3rd/3rd-io
2nd pp – “ere” + “i”
to be “x-ed”
capio, capere
capi
to be taken
Perfect Active Infinitive
3rd pp + sse
“to have x-ed”
servavisse
to have kept
Perfect Passive Infinitive
4th pp + esse (two words!!!)
“to have been x-ed”
servatus esse
to have been kept
Future Active Infinitive
4th pp – us + urus + esse
(two words!!!)
“to be about to x”
servaturus esse
to be about to keep
Infinitive Uses
indicate the time of the action in relation
to the main verb
present infinitive indicates the action is going
on at the same time as the verb
future infinitive indicates the action will
happen after the verb
perfect infinitive indicates that the action
happened before the verb
Perfect Passive
ANY
QUESTIONS?