Transcript Sentence Patterns

The Grammar Dogs present…
Sentence Patterns
Terminology








S = Subject
V = Verb
DO = Direct Object
IO = Indirect Object
OC = Object Complement
LV = Linking Verb
PN = Predicate Nominative
PA = Predicate Adjective
S-V




The dog eats.
The dog is eating.
The dog is outside.
The dog is in the
house.
 The dog jumps over
the house.
Subject-Verb-Direct Object
 The d.o. is always a noun
 The d.o. will always follow an action verb- an action
that you can do to someone or to something
 The d.o. will answer the question WHO or WHAT
 The d.o. will NEVER be in a prepositional phrase
(cross them out!)
S-V-DO
 The dog eats food.
 The dog is eating my
lunch.
 I grab my lunch.
 The dog bites my
hand.
More Examples
 John fed his dog in the morning.
 Alyssa ate the orange with her lunch.
 David bought the motorcycle with his
Christmas money.
 Jonathon earned an A on his essay.
Keep practicing!
327
 The girl in the pink sweater is also wearing
a fuzzy white scarf around her neck.
 The principal of the school cancelled school
on the Friday before Spring Break at the last
moment on Thursday.
 My dog eats her food from a glass bowl on
the floor in the kitchen and drinks her water
from a metal bowl on the floor by the glass
bowl.
Try it out!
 Write five sentences of your own. Make sure that
the verbs are actions you can do to someone or
something.
 Each sentence must have a prep phrase and a
direct object
 Cross out all prep phrases
 Label the Subject, Verb, and Direct Object.
Indirect Objects!




There must be a direct object
Therefore, there must be an action verb
The indirect object will always come BEFORE the d.o.
The indirect object answers the questions TO WHOM,
TO WHAT, or FOR WHOM
 The i.o. is NEVER in a prep phrase
 The i.o. is ALWAYS a noun
Verbs commonly used with
indirect objects:




SEND
LEND
BRING
GIVE
S-V-IO-DO
 The dog brought me
his bone.
 I gave him a treat.
 I sent my cousin a
photo of my dog.
Examples:
 Kevin sent Kailey a rose for her birthday.
 Scotty lent me five dollars for lunch.
 Adam brought his teacher an apple on
Monday.
 Can you give your mother a message for
me?
Indirect Objects
328
Indirect Objects can be rephrased as prepositional
phrases after the direct object:




The dog brought his bone to me. (prep phrase)
The dog brought me his bone. (indirect object)
I sent a photo of my dog to my cousin. (prep ph.)
I sent my cousin a photo of my dog. (indirect
object)
Questions???
 Did you send the letter with the picture?
 Would you lend me a thousand dollars?
 Will Sarah bring Tina a cup of coffee on
Friday?
 Can I give you this movie to watch over the
weekend?
Other verbs that work?




I bought you a car for your birthday.
She found her sister a dress for the party.
Joe emailed Lisa a list of things to do.
His mom wrote him a note.
Try it out!
 Write five sentences of your own!
 Each sentence must have a subject, verb,
d.o., i.o. and prep phrase 
 Label your sentences!
The Objective
Complement
330
 An objective complement is an adjective or
a noun that appears with a direct object and
describes or renames it.
 These do not occur often.
Object Complements
Object Complements can either be nouns or
adjectives. They restate the direct object.
 I made my dog angry. (angry = adjective)
 I consider my dog a good companion.
(companion = noun)
Rules
 Objective
complements do not
occur often.
 They are used only
with the following
verbs:





Appoint
Name
Make
Think
Call
More rules
 An objective complement can only be found
in a sentence with a direct object.
 To determine if a word is an objective
complement, say the verb and the direct
object, then ask What?
S-V-DO-OC
 The girl named her
dog Bingo.
 The girl considered
her dog intelligent.
Examples
 Ben called his dog Rover.
(Called his dog what?)
 The beautician made Anne’s hair short and
curly.
(made Anne’s hair what?)
Recognizing the OC
 The neighborhood bully considered Martin
a bully.
 A card for Father’s Day makes my dad very
happy.
 That pleasant woman called me kind and
helpful.
 Mr. Fenston thinks other people obstinate.
 John’s uncle makes everyone welcome.
 Her friends nominated Jane president.
 The ointment made the wound less red and sore.
 Impulsively, she painted the doors to the
dining room pink.
 The boss appointed Ms. Brady chairwoman.
 Such experiences make life worthwhile.
Try it out!
Write five of your own sentences with
subjects, verbs, direct objects, and object
complements.
Label everything!
Predicate Nominatives
329
 There must be a linking verb (state of being
verb)
 The pn means the same thing as the subject
 The pn is NEVER in a prep phrase
 The pn is ALWAYS a noun
 The pn is ALWAYS on the RIGHT side of
the linking verb
What is a linking verb?








Is
Am
Are
Was
Were
Be
Being
Been
Other verbs
 Appear
 Become
 Feel
 Grow
 Look
 remain
 Seem
 Smell
 Sound
 Stay
 taste
Examples
 John is the captain.
 Is Tom the president of the class?
 I am the teacher.
 You are the student.
More examples
 Chicago pizza is the best.
 My favorite hobby is gardening.
 Three miles is a long way.
 My computer is a new model.
WARNING!
Some verbs can be either linking or active!






S
LV
PA
Yes: He grew tired.
S
V
DO
No: He grew vegetables.
S
LV
PA
Yes: The perfume smells good.
S
V
No: The perfume tester smells well.
S
LV
PA
Yes: The soup tastes salty.
S
V
DO
No: I will taste the soup.
Try it out!
 Write five sentences of your own and label
the subject, l.v. and p.n. in each.
Predicate Adjectives!!!
 There must be a linking verb
 A predicate adjective describes the subject
 The predicate adjective is NEVER in a prep
phrase
 The predicate adjective is always an adjective
 The predicate adjective is ALWAYS on the
right side of the verb
S-LV-PA




The dog is hungry.
Lunch tastes good.
I feel replete.
I become tired.
Examples





Maren is beautiful!
Matt appears sick.
This exam looks difficult.
That argument was nasty.
His smile is very attractive
N.B.: A PA and a PN can never be in
the same sentence (clause).





He is an intelligent man.
She is a brilliant doctor.
They are my best friends.
Her cake was the best.
That joke was the worst.
More examples to label
1.
2.
3.
4.
Her voice on the telephone sounded muffled.
After work Eugene’s muscles felt stiff and sore.
The mayor’s policy is important to our city.
My sandwich at the beach was gritty and
inedible.
5. Joan grew kinder and more understanding.
Try it out!
 Write five sentences with predicate
adjectives and label all parts of the
sentence.
Put it all together!
 Write a paragraph which includes the
following sentence patterns:






S-V
S-V-DO
S-V-IO-DO
S-V-DO-OC
S-LV-PN
S-LV-PA