Transcript prefixes
A person who has not studied German can form no idea of what a perplexing language it is:[...] Mark Twain The Germans have a kind of parenthesis, which they make by splitting a verb in two and putting half of it at the beginning of an exciting chapter and the other half at the end of it. Can any one conceive of anything more confusing than that? These things are called ‘separable verbs’. The German grammar is blistered all over with separable verbs; and the wider the two portions of one of them are spread apart, the better the author of the crime is pleased with his performance. A favourite one is reiste ab, which means departed. Here is an example which I culled from a novel and reduced to English: “The trunks now being now ready, he de- after kissing his mother and sisters, and once more pressing to his bosom his adored Gretchen, who, dressed in simple white muslin, with a single tuberose in the ample folds of her rich brown hair, had tottered feebly down the stairs, still pale from the terror and excitement of the past evening, but longing to lay her poor aching head yet once again upon the breast of him whom she loved more dearly than life itself, parted.” What are Prefixes? A PREFIX consists of one or more syllables added to the beginning of a word to change that word’s meaning. believe – disbelieve In German: prefixes are divided into two groups dependend on whether or not they can be separated from the verb. Inseparable Prefixes most common inseparable prefixes: be- / er- / ent- / miss- / ver- / zerbekommen erzählen entschuldigen missverstehen vergessen zerbrechen to receive / to get to tell to excuse to misunderstand to forget to break Separable Prefixes There is quite a number of separable prefixes in German. They are themselves words, especially prepositions and adverbs like “mit”, for example, which means “with” (as a preposition) or “along” (as a prefix). Try to form new verbs using the following verbs you know and the prefixes • • • • • • gehen laufen kommen fahren bringen machen to go / to walk to run to come to drive to bring to do