Transcript 高中英语导学案－《M7U2 Grammar and usage》

Phrasal verbs
洪翔中学英语组
Words preview
split
enquiry
ward
handful
annual
arrangement
receptionist
pleasure
vt. & vi. 劈开,切开;(使)
破裂,分裂;分担,分享
n. 询问,咨询
n. 病房
n. 少数,少量;一把
adj. 每年的,一年一次的
n. 安排;排列
n. 接待员,招待员
n. 愉快,快乐;乐事
Expressions preview
put through
decide on
look around
put off
turn up
接通(电话)
对……做出决定
参观,四处看看;环顾
推迟,推延
出现,到场,到达
Expressions preview
fill in 填写(表格、空格等)
split up 划分开来,分割(成部分);
分裂,分离,分手
a handful of 少数的,少量的
take down 记下,记录
(1) This article will focus on…
(2) If you open up any medicine…
(3) …drinking a tea made from…
(4) …other things that aspirin can help with.
(5) …a study carried out in the USA.
(6) Fleming tried this mould out…
(7) Fleming did not give up.
(8) Many people would have died from…
(9) … before someone else turned penicillin
into…
We call the red words ——phrasal verbs.
Compare the following
sentences and tell the part of
speech of each underlined word.
He looked around and saw nothing.
She is looking after the old lady carefully.
In the two sentences, around is an adverb
while after is a preposition.
She was so ill that it seemed unlikely that
she would pull through.
He has gone through a difficult time recently.
Here the first through is an adverb while
the second through is a preposition.
An adverb or a preposition
is used to make up a
phrasal verb.
The adverb can go before
or after the object in a
phrasal verb.
Please look the word up in the dictionary.
Please look up the word in the dictionary.
They put on their safety helmets before
starting to work.
They put their safety helmets on before
starting to work.
A phrasal verb does not always
have an object. The object always
comes after the preposition in a
phrasal verb with a preposition.
Compare the following sentences.
The special train pulled in at 9 a. m.
Prices of vegetables have gone up recently.
I called you several times last night, but I
couldn’t get through.
If you act like this, you will get into trouble.
The policemen are looking into a case.
The rubbish gave off a terrible smell.
Sometimes we can add
a preposition after the
adverb in a phrasal verb.
I can’t put up with him any longer.
I am looking forward to hearing from her.
She often looks back upon her bitter life
in the old society.
verb + adverb + preposition
•
•
•
•
•
We must catch up with them.
Let’s face up to the situation.
Your ideas fit in with mine.
Let’s get down to our business.
We’ll get through with the project next
month.
• He gave in to the wish of the majority.
除了以上所提到的几种类型外:
1. 不及物动词+介词
2. 动词+副词
3. 动词+副词+介词
还可以分为以下几类：
4. 动词+名词+介词
常见短语有: take care of 照顾，照料;
make room for 给……腾地方; make friends
with 与……交朋友; play a joke on 戏弄某
人; have a look at 看一看; say goodbye to
告辞
5. be动词+形容词+介词
常见短语有: be late for 迟到
be angry with 生气
be busy with 忙于
be short for 是……的简称
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be famous for 因……而著名
be good at 擅长
be different from 与……不同
be good/bad for 对……有益/害
be friendly to 对……友好
6. 动词+反身代词+介词
常见短语有: help oneself to 随便吃/用
give oneself to 热心于
occupy oneself with 忙于
dress oneself in 穿着
devote oneself to
专心,致力于,献身
throw oneself to 投身于
verb + adverb + preposition
adds up to
• Your long answer just __________
(意味着/等于说) a refusal.
break away from (改掉)
• You shall _______________
such habits.
carry/go on with (继续)
• You must _______________
your work.
dates back to (追溯)
• The castle _____________
the 14th century.
Many phrasal verbs have more
than one meaning. Do you know
the meanings of the phrasal
verbs in the following sentences?
(1) His accent gives him away as a southerner.
出卖，泄露秘密
(2) He gave away most of his money to charity.
赠送
(3) They gave away their last chance of
winning the match.
送掉，放弃
(4) The mayor gave away the prizes
at the school sports day.
颁发
(5) She took me in completely with her story.
欺骗
(6) He was homeless, so we took him in.
收容
(7) Fish take in oxygen through their gills.
吸收
(8) I hope you’re taking in what I’m saying.
理解
(9) She pays the bills by taking in washing.
在家承接（活计等）
Please match
1. It was too dark, and I
couldn’t make out the
words written on the
wall.
2. I can’t make out what
the article says.
3. He made out that he
was a famous doctor.
4. She made out a
cheque and handed it
to me.
a. write in
complete form
b. state sth. that
may not be true
c. see/hear sth.
d. understand
sth. (negative
/question)
Check the answers (P25 A):
1. looking after 2. call, back
3. deal with
4. look around
5. fill in
6. decide on
7. turn up
8. split up
9. put, off
10. coming up
11. send, over 12. put, through
1. (2007全国Ⅱ)
I have ____ all my papers but I still can’t find
my notes.
A. looked through B. looked for
C. looked after
D. looked out
2. (2007江苏)
— Have you ______ some new ideas?
— Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
A. come about
B. come into
C. come up with D. come out with
3. (2007江苏)
— Do you think that housing price will keep
______ in the years to come?
— Sorry, I have no idea.
A. lifting up
B. going up
C. bringing up
D. growing up
4. (2007福建)
The news of the mayor’s coming to our school
for a visit was
on the radio yesterday.
A. turned out
B. found out
C. given out
D. carried out
5. (2007陕西)
We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but
it didn’t quite
.
A. find out
B. give out
C. hand out
D. work out
6. (2007四川)
It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly
_____ my friend.
A. turn out
B. bring out
C. call out
D. pick out
7. (2007浙江)
Would you please ______ this form for me to see
if I’ve filled it in right?
A. take off
B. look after
C. give up
D. go over
8. (2007湖北)
If we can
our present difficulties, then
everything should be all right.
A. come across
B. get over
C. come over
D. get off
9. (2007安徽)
— Didn't you have a good time at the party?
— Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such
fun that time seemed to _______ so quickly.
A. go by
B. go away
C. go out
D. go over
10. (2007山东)
It’s the sort of work that ________ a high
level of concentration.
A. calls for
B. makes up
C. lies in
D. stands for
I. Multiple choice
1. The world is ______ seven continents
and four oceans.
A. made up of
B. made out of
C. made from
D. made in
2. I really don't want to go to the party,
but I don't see how I can ______it.
A. get back from B. get out of
C. get away
D. get off
3. You'd better ___________ some money
for special use.
A. pick up B. set aside
C. put off
D. give away
4. Can you make a sentence to _____the
meaning of the phrase?
A. show off
B. turn out
C. bring out
D. take in
5. You can take anything from the shelf and
read, but please _______the books when
you've finished with them.
A. put on
B. put down
C. put back
D. put off
6. The final examination is coming up soon.
It’s time for us to
our studies.
A. get down to
B. get out
C. get back for
D. get over
7. It's ten years since the scientist _______
on his life's work of discovering the
valuable chemical.
A. made for
B. set out
C. took off
D. turned up
8. The forest guards often find campfires
that have not been ______ completely.
A. turned down
B. put out
C. put away
D. turned over
9. He accidentally _____ he had quarreled
with his wife and that he hadn't been
home for a couple of weeks.
A. let out
C. made sure
B. took care
D. made out
10. — ______ for the glass!
— It's OK. I'm wearing shoes.
A. Look out
B. Walk out
C. Go out
D. Set out
11. Unfortunately, not everyone has realized
the important part the balance of nature
_____ their daily life.
A. plays in
B. playing
C. plays of
D. to play in
12. The students studied hard. They were
_____ for knowledge.
A. worry B. worried C. eager D. curious
13. She devoted herself _____ the problems
of the teenagers.
A. in studying B. at studying
C. to study
D. to studying
II. Translation
1. 当他年纪大了,他一定会把他的生意移
交给他儿子的。
It is certain that he will hand over his
business to his son when he gets old.
2. 即使上学占据了她白天大部分的时间,
她也经常帮助她的母亲。
She often helps her mother even
though going to school takes up most
of her day.
3. 一旦做出了决定,我们所有的人都要坚
持。
Once a decision has been made , all
of us should stick to it .
4. 我们必须尽可能快地收麦子,因为风
暴就要来了。
We have to get in the wheat as soon
as possible because a storm is on
the way.
5. 我正在和玛丽谈话,这时侯汤姆插话
了。
I was just talking to Mary when
Tom cut in.
6. 这张照片是很久前拍的,我不知道
你是否能辨认出我父亲。
This picture was taken a long time
ago. I wonder if you can pick out
my father.