Transcript Direct Speech - P4Resilient

Direct Speech
We write down the actual words spoken
by the speaker within speech marks.
Eg. The little boy told his mother, “I’m
hungry.”
Indirect or Reported Speech
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We report what the speaker has spoke without
the speech marks.
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Eg. The little boy told his mother he was hungry.
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What do you notice about this statement
compared to the previous statement?
Will the tenses change in the
Indirect Statements in the following?
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He says, “The teacher is cross with me.”
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I shall tell him, “You are very foolish.”
Indirect Statements
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Identify the introductory verbs in the previous
statements. What do you notice?
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They are says and shall tell. Since the introductory
verbs are in the Present and Future Tense, the
tenses in the indirect statements remain unchanged.
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Eg. He says the teacher is cross with him.
I shall tell him he is very foolish.
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Universal Truth or Fact
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The teacher told the class, “ The sun rises in the east
and sets in the west.”
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Although the introductory verb is in the past tense,
the statement made is a fact or universal truth.
Therefore, there is no need to change the tense in
the indirect statement.
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The teacher told the class the sun rises in the east
and sets in the west.
What do we change in Indirect
Statements?
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Pronouns
Tenses
Time
Place
Tenses
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Am – was
Is – was
Are – were
Has – had
Have – had
Shall – should
Will – would
Can – could
May – might
Must – had to
Pronouns
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I – he or she
Me – him or her
My – his or her
We – they
Our – their
Us – them
You – him, her, they them, I or me
Your – his, her, their, my
Time & Place
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this – that
These – those
Here – there
Now – then
Come – go
Today – that day
Tomorrow – the next day
Yesterday – the day before
Last night – the night before
Ago – then
Further Examples
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“Lizards are reptiles,” the teacher said.
She says, “I’m going to make some tea.”
They said, “ We’ll wait for Susie at the same time tomorrow.”
Mr Lee told his wife, “ I may be late for dinner tonight.”
Lisa said,” My uncle visited us last week.”
Discuss your answers with your teacher.
http://esl.about.com/library/quiz/blgrammarquiz.htm (for selfexplanatory notes and quizzes)