Transcript Examples Uses - ingilizcehocam.gen.tr

Please choose a
topic
past
now
future
past
now
future
past
now
future
past
uses
Facts/truth
Habitual action
Momentary action
Talking about the
future
now
future
examples
The sun rise from the east.
We eat dinner at 7:00 everyday.
He wins the match.
The TV programme starts at 8:00.
past
Uses
now
future
Examples
Description of actions happening now It’s raining
Indicating change
My father’s hair is falling out!
Talking about temporary situation
Jill’s working in hotel for the summer.
Talking about the fiture
What are you doing on Saturday?
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Finished events(usually specific
time)
When i was young, I hated school.
Repeated actions in the past
Every day last week we had a Maths test
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Temporanry actions in progress in the
past
It was raining yesterday morning.
A simultaneous continuous action
+when
We were laughing when he saw us.
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Recent past with indefinite adverbs
of time
It’s just started to rain.
Past events without a specifictine
I’ve been to China three times.
past
Uses
now
future
Examples
For the earlier of two past actions When I arrived, they ferry has gone.
In reported speech
Sally said she’d seen a ghost.
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Describing an action in progress in the
past befpre another action
He had been waiting for an hour when i
arrived.
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Continuous past action---finished or continuing
They’ve been sitting down
all day.
I’ve been studying English
for seven years.
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Making decisions/threats/promises
I think I’ll go to bed now.
Expressing opinions
I know you’ll pass.
past
now
future
Uses
Example
Making offers, requests, suggesrions
Will you meet me later?
Stating intentions/plans/predicionas
We’re going to have a picnic next
week.
She’s going to have a body.
past
Uses
now
future
Examples
Describing future events, plans or This time tommorow we’ll be leaving.
intentions
Expressing expectations
Their plane will be landing soon.
past
now
Uses
future
Examples
Talking about actions that we know will be Next year, I’ll have been in Hong Kong for
completed by a certain time in the future
ten years.
Talking about actions that we think will be
completed by a certain time in the future
They will have arrived by now.
past
now
future
Uses
Examples
Talking about the duration of a
continuous action or event up to a
future point of time
By the end of month, he will have
beem working here for ten years.
Uses
If we use the active voice, it is the person or thing that
does an action that is important.
Example
Mr Tse coaches the football team.
Notice
In this sentice, we are talking about Mr Tse, so it is
natural to use the active voice and say what he does.
Uses
If we use the passive voice, the person or thing that does
the action is not so important.
Example
The football team is coached by Mr Tse.
Notice
In this sentice, we are talking about the football team, so
it is natural to use the passive voice. This sentence might
be part of a longer paragraph where Mr Tse isn’t quite so
important
The point of forming indirect sentence
1.Use that to connect the stagement
2.Change pronouns
3.Change the tenses usually.(Look at the table)
4.Sometimes stay the tense as the reported statement is always
true or still true.
5.Tense stayed also when the verb of speech is in the present
tense.
6.infinitives stay the same.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/ Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would →
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I like milk.
Present
tense
Pronoun need
to be change
He said that he
liked milk.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I’m listening.
Change
pronoun
Change tense
Present con. →
past con.
He said that he
was listening.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I didn’t do it.
Change tense
Simple past
→ past
perfect
Change
pronoun
He said he hadn’t
done it.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
You’ve eaten
my moon cake.
Change
pronoun
Change
tense
Present
perfect→
Past perfect
He said that he
had eaten his
moon cake.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I was sleeping.
Change
pronoun Change tense
Past con. →
past perfect
con.
He said that he had
been sleeping
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
‘I hadn’t realised
that he was only
joking.’
Change
pronoun
Change tense
Past & psdt
perfect→ past
perfect
He said he
hadn’t realised
that he had only
been joking.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I’ll find them
Change
pronoun
Change
tense
will→
would
He said that
he would find
them
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
I can’t hear
you.
Change
Change
pronoun tense
can→could
He said that he
couldn’t hear me.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
‘I would do if I
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
could.’
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
‘You ought to go there.’
Change
pronoun
No change
He said that I ought to
go there.
Change
pronoun
No change
She said that she would
do it if she could.
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Simple present→
Simple past
Present continuous →
Past continuous
Simple past →
Past perfect
Present perfect →
Past perfect/past
Past countionous →
Past countinuous/
Past perfect countinous
Past perfect →
Past perfect
Will/ shall →
Would/ should
Can/ may →
Could/ might
Could/ ought to / might/
should/ would →
Could/ ought to. Might/
should/ would/
must →
Must/ had to
‘You must do it.’
No change
Change
pronoun
He said that I had
to do it.
In reported question, you should remember that the question need to change into the
sentence form that:
The subject comes before the verb.
Do is not used
Question marks are not used
If and whether are used with Yes/No questions that do not have a word likes who,
how, where to introduce them.
“what are you drinking?’ →He asked what I was drinking.
Change pronoun
‘Have you finished your homework?’ →He ask me if I finished my homework.
Change tense
Presene perfect →past
Relative clauses have two used:
1.join clauses together
2.except for whose, they act as the subjects or
objects of clauses.
Main relative pronouns
Used
Which
Animal or thing
Who
People
Whom
People object
whose
To explain a people
Generally we use ‘which’ when we need to explain some
animals or tings.
I’ve got the answer.
You were looking for it.
Same object =which
I’ve got the answer which you were looking for.
We use ‘who’ for the explain or combine two
sentence which talking about same subject as an
person
The man lives next
The man is very
to us.
generous.
Talking about the same man
=
who
The man who lives next to us is veru generous.
The ‘whom’ is similiar to ‘who’ but ‘whom’ must used
as a object.
He is a man.
I like him.
Object/people
=
Whom/who
He is a man who/whom i like.
Whose has two used:
It joins claused together.
It replaces his, her, its or their.
An orphan is a
child.
His parents have died.
His
↓
whose
An orphan is a child whose parents have died.
Gerunds is the –ing form which used as a noun.
Gerunds can used as a subject or object.
object
subject
e.g.
Eating too much makes you fat.
I don’t like reading.
Gerunds can also have their own objects.
Eating fried food makes you fat.
I don’t like reading history books.
Gerunds can used after preposition.
Undo your shoelaces before taking off your shoes.
I look forward to meeting you.
object
Sometime we can’t use gerund to followed some
very but infinitive.There are some common verbs:
Afford
Agree
Appear
Arrange
Attempt
Decide
Fail
Forget
Hope
Learn(how)
Manage
Offer
Plab
Retend
Promoise
Refuse
Seem
Tend
Threaten
They have agreed to get married next year.
Don’t pretend to be something that you are not.
Melanie promoised to keep the news a secret, but she didn’t.