Transcript jugar = to play (sports) - St. Joseph Hill Academy

Conjugate stem changers
in the present tense
Grammar essential #37
Stem changing infinitives
Stem changing infinitives are named for
what they do– change in the stem.
You are going to make some alteration of
the stem before adding the verb endings.
You will use the endings you already know.
The hardest part of stem changers is
knowing which ones change and which
ones don’t.
Stem changers
There are 4 different ways a stem changing
infinitive can change (4 categories).
The first is uue.
It is the smallest category with only one
infinitive jugar = to play (sports)
Jugar = to play (sports)
Separate the stem and the infintive ending.
Jug- is the stem
Make the stem change uue
The new stem is jueg-
Put it in the conjugation box EXCEPT
nosotros and vosotros.
Nosotros and Vosotros do not make the
stem change.
Jugar = to play sports
Yo
Jueg-
Nosotros/as
Jug-
Tú
Jueg-
Vosotros/as
Jug-
Él
Ella
Ud.
Ellos
Ellas
Uds.
jueg-
Now just add the regular –ar endings.
jueg-
Jugar = to play sports
Yo
Juego
Nosotros/as
Jugamos
Tú
Juegas
Vosotros/as
Jugáis
Él
Ella
Ud.
Ellos
Ellas
Uds.
juega
juegan
Stem changers
The second category is one of the largest.
It is oue.
Encontrar = to find is a stem changer.
It is the same steps as jugar.
Other examples include: acostar (to lie
down), almorzar (to eat lunch),
contar (to count), costar (to cost),
devolver (to return something),
dormir (to sleep), poder (can/to be
able to), volver (to return)
Encontrar = to find
First separate the stem from the infinitive
ending.
Encontr- is the stem.
Make the stem change oue
New stem encuentrPut into box– remember it will look like a
boot… they are called boot verbs as well.
Encontrar = to find
encuentro
encontramos
encuentras
encontráis
encuentra
encuentran
Stem changers
The third category is again large.
It is eie.
preferir = to prefer is a stem changer.
It is the same steps as jugar.
*When there is more than one vowel that
could possible make the change, choose
the vowel closest to the verb ending.
Other e
ie verbs
Cerrar (to close), Comenzar (to begin),
Despertar (to wake up),
Divertir (to entertain/ amuse),
Empezar (to begin), Entender (to understand),
Pensar (to think), Perder (to lose),
Querer (to want),
Recomendar (to recommend)
Preferir = to prefer
First separate the stem from the infinitive
ending.
prefer- is the stem.
Make the stem change eie
New stem prefierPut into box– remember it will look like a
boot… they are called boot verbs as well.
preferir = to prefer
prefiero
preferimos
prefieres
preferís
prefiere
prefieren
Stem changers
The last category is a smaller one.
It is ei.
servir = to serve is a stem changer.
It is the same steps as jugar.
servir = to serve
First separate the stem from the infinitive
ending.
serv- is the stem.
Make the stem change ei
New stem sirvPut into box– remember it will look like a
boot… they are called boot verbs as well.
servir = to serve
sirvo
servimos
sirves
servís
sirve
sirven
ei
There are some rules that can help you
distinguish between e i and e ie.
In order to be e i, the infinitive must end
in –ir. Now, that could be other categories
as well, but –ar and –er cannot be e i .
MR C VeSPeRS is also a way to help if you
are needing a pneumonic device.
MR. C VeSPeRS
M- medir (to measure)
R – reír (to laugh)
C – conseguir (To get/ to obtain)
V – vestir(se) (to dress)
S- servir (to serve)
P – pedir (to ask for)
R- repetir ( to repeat)
S- seguir (to follow/ to continue)
E
I Verbs
MR. C VeSPeRS does not include all the
stem changers in this category. Another
infinitive is Sonreír (to smile)
Stem Changers
I cannot give you a rule as to which verbs
stem change and which ones don’t. These
are just something that you have to learn as
you continue to use Spanish.
 Don’t forget-you have already learned all
of the u
ue stem-changers.