Transcript The Sentence

The Sentence
is a group of words
expressing a complete thought.
expressing
Every sentence has two
essential parts:
and
The subject of a sentence
is the part about which
something is being said.
The predicate of a sentence
is the part which says
something about the subject.
The flower bloomed.
Bob painted.
Bill told everyone
about the wreck.
Mary sobbed.
The girls on the team were all
good students.
Sue plays the piano well.
The simple subject is the
main word in the complete
subject.
The four new students arrived
early.
Simple subject
students
The complete subject is
the main word and all its
modifiers.
Complete subject The four new
students
The simple predicate, or
verb, is the main word or
group of words in the
complete predicate.
Sara’s sister took us bowling
yesterday.
Simple predicate took
The complete predicate is
the verb and all its
modifiers.
Complete Predicate took us
bowling yesterday
Objects
 Objects follow ACTION verbs or
Prepositions
 A direct object follows an ACTION verb
and answers the question “what?” after
that verb:
 The boy threw the ball.
Objects
 An indirect object also follows an action
verb, but it comes before the direct object.
 Not all sentences have either a direct
object or an indirect object.
 The indirect object answers the question
“to whom?” or “for whom” after the action
verb.
Indirect Object Examples
 My brother gave me a new bike.
 Sam sent Steve to the store.
 Joey brought them the test results.
 Sally told Rich a funny joke.
 He sold my Mom a faulty refrigerator.
Object of a Preposition
 The object of a preposition is the last word
in a prepositional phrase.
 Remember, nothing important ever
happens in a prepositional phrase, so
direct objects and indirect objects will
never be in a prepositional phrase!!!
 The boy pushed the go cart down the hill.
Complements
 A complement follows a linking verb and
either renames the subject or describes
the subject.
 A complement that renames the subject
after a linking verb is called a “predicate
nominative.”
 A complement that describes the subject
after a linking verb is called a “predicate
adjective.”
Complements
 Sylvia became captain of the volleyball team.
 James is the new president of the firm.
 Mr. Smith was my teacher in 4th grade.
 Sarah appeared tired after the game.
 The children grew restless in their chairs.
 Ed seemed sad because of the defeat.
Objective Complement
 The objective complement follows both the
action verb and the direct object.
 It is a noun or an adjective that renames or
describes the direct object.
 The committee nominated James president.
 We chose to paint the room pink.
Determining Sentence Parts
1. Identify all prepositional phrases.
Remember – the subject, verb, direct
object, indirect object and any
complements will not appear in a
prepositional phrase!
2. Locate the verb and determine if it is
action or linking.
3. Ask who or what is “doing” the verb – this
is your subject.
Determining Sentence Parts
4. If the verb is action, determine if it has a
direct object, an indirect object, or an
objective complement. Remember – a
sentence does not have to have any or
all of these. However, if you label
something as an indirect object or an
objective complement, the sentence
must also have a direct object.
Determining Sentence Parts
5. If the verb is linking, determine if it has a
predicate nominative or a predicate
adjective. Remember – a sentence does
not have to have either of these. Also,
remember predicate nominatives rename
while predicate adjectives describe.
Some Practice
Indicate the syntax of each word highlighted in the
following sentences.
1.
Beyond the trees, we could see a large buck with enormous antlers.
2.
Ricky became angry with us.
3.
Joe gave my sister a wonderful necklace for her birthday.
4.
Jeff’s teammates chose him captain of the squad.
5.
Here are the bagels for breakfast.
Some Answers
Indicate the syntax of each word highlighted in the
following sentences.
op
s
do
Beyond the trees, we could see a large buck with enormous antlers.
s
pa
Ricky became angry with us.
s
io
do
op
Joe gave my sister a wonderful necklace for her birthday.
s
do
oc
op
Jeff’s teammates chose him captain of the squad.
s
op
Here are the bagels for breakfast.