Transcript 10) A few more tenses

Hello to you all !
And by the way...
CONGRATULATIONS !
Because indeed...
You definitely are getting
closer and closer to a point
where you would know
practically all you really need
to know in order to actually
become...
BILINGUAL !
And since there are only a
few things you would still
need to learn in order to
reach that supreme point...
Why not to actually
learn these things !
So at this point, you have
probably realized that
learning verb tenses is a
rather important part in the
process of learning English,
or of learning any second
language...
And it just so happens that, at
least in my opinion, there
would only be about 3 or 4
verb tenses you would still
need to learn in order to
settle that issue once and for
all...
So while we're at it...
Why not to
learn them
all at once ?
So...
Do you
agree with
the plan ?
Yes ? Great !
And so...
Let's just go
on, then !..
TENSE # 1
Past progressive
By looking at the next
slide, can you discover a
first reason for which this
tense can be used?
While she was preparing dinner, he
was washing the dishes.
When I was having breakfast, the
phone suddenly rang.
I was watching TV when the phone
rang.
Carlos lost his watch while he was
running.
I was sleeping on the couch when
Bertie smashed through the door.
EXACTLY !
For two past
actions
happening at
the same
time !
And now...
What about finding a
second use ?
I was riding my bike all
day yesterday.
Peter was reading a book
yesterday evening.
At five o'clock, it was
raining.
YES !
For actions
that were in
progress at a
special time in
the past (or
for a given
duration) !
And while we're at it...
Why not to take a look
at the...
Third use !
She was always coming to
class late.
He was constantly talking.
He annoyed everyone.
I didn't like them because
they were always
complaining.
BINGO !
For repeated
past actions
(irritating the
speaker...) !
So, to sum it up...
It looks like this tense
can essentially be used
for the three following
reasons...
PAST PROGRESSIVE
1) Two past actions
happening at the same
time
2) Actions that were in
progress at a given time in
the past
3) Repeated past actions
(irritating the speaker...)
And by the way...
How is this tense supposed
to be built ?
YES !
Just like this !
Subject
+
Be (past tense)
+
Verb
+
ING
So...
Do you think you could
conjugate the following
verb in the past
progressive tense ?
DANCE
EXCELLENT !
And now, what about some...
PRACTICE !
And so...
Let's just go there !...
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/pastprogressive/exercises
http://www.really-learn-english.com/pastprogressive-exercises.html
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/gramm
ar/pascon1.htm
GREAT JOB !
And just to
make sure
you really
got a grasp
on this...
Do you think you can write at
least 3 sentences while using the
past progressive tense, and while
ensuring your sentences refer to
at least 2 of the 3 possible uses
of this tense ?
PERFECT !
And so...
Why not to simply move
to...
TENSE # 2
Past perfect
And once again, by looking at
the next sentences, let's see
if you can discover what
appears to be the main, if not
the only reason for using that
tense...
Before I came here, I had spoken to
Jack.
I hadn't known the bad news when I
spoke to him.
I checked with the supplier and they still
hadn't received the contract.
She had already told him before I got a
chance to give him my version.
The company had started the year well
but was badly hit by the postal strike.
He told me they had already
paid the bill.
He said he believed that John
had moved to Italy.
I thought we had already
decided on a name for this
product.
YOU GOT IT !
For describing a
past action
happening before
another past
action (which will
typically be
expressed in the
simple past) !
And did you notice how it is
supposed to be built ?
Indeed !
Just like this !
PAST PERFECT
Subject
+
Have conjugated in
the past (HAD)
+
Past participle
So...
Would you already feel
comfortable in conjugating
any verb in that tense, like,
for example, the verb...
GO ?
http://www.e-chords.com/chords/alekasattic/where-id-gone
GREAT !
And just so as
to practice this
a little further,
let's go to
these sites...
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/pastperfect-simple/exercises
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/pastperfect-exercise-1.html
http://www.englischhilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/past_perfect_simple
_past.htm
WOW !
You did
great !
And now, as our final test...
Can you devise two
more sentences, this
time using the past
perfect tense ?
WONDERFUL !
And before it gets too easy...
Why not to get moving to...
TENSE # 3
Present perfect
progressive
And well, by now, you
probably know what
you're gonna have to
do, so why not to just
move to next slide !
They have been talking for the last hour.
She has been studying for three hours.
She has been working at that company for three
years.
What have you been doing for the last 30
minutes?
James has been teaching at the university since
June.
We have been waiting here for over two hours!
Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for
the last three days?
“I've been waiting for fifteen minutes.”
YES !
For an action that started at
some point in the past and has
continued up until now (and that
has thus been progressing during
a certain time, or duration...)
And now, let's just go for the...
Second use !
Recently, I have been feeling really
tired.
She has been watching too much
television lately.
Have you been exercising lately?
Mary has been feeling a little
depressed.
Lisa has not been practicing her
English.
What have you been doing?
BINGO !
To describe recent
habits or states (so
you could say "lately",
or "recently") !
And finally, let's see if
you can discover the...
Third use !
You have been sleeping all morning.
It’s time to get up!
It has been snowing all night. The
drive to work will be a nightmare!
She's been crying ; she looks sad
and her eyes are red.
He's been eating too much lately ;
just look at his belly !
She's been working very hard on
this project, but in the end, it was
worth it!
YOU GOT IT !
For an action that has
been progressing up to a
recent time, and whose
results are still visible or
consequential !
So according to you, how exactly is
this tense supposed to be built ?
Yes indeed ! Just like
that !
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
Subject
+
HAVE (present tense)
+
BEEN
+
VERB
+
ING
So...
Let's see if you can now
conjugate the following verb
in that tense, and more
precisely, in both the
standard and contracted form
of that tense...
THINK
GOOD !
And now,
what about
some
more...
PRACTICE ?
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/present-perfectprogressive/exercises
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/view
game.asp?id=3550
http://www.englischhilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/present_perfect_pro
gressive_mix2.htm
GREAT JOB !
And since you are already
getting so good at using
this new tense, let's see if
you could also use it in....
CONVERSATION !
And so let's just get to the document
titled : « What have you been up to
?»
PERFECT !
And as usual...
Why not to simply...
Move to something else ?
TENSE # 4
The tense that is not a
tense !
As you could see in the
previous slide, the last
constructions we are going to
tackle here are not actual
verb tenses, but they may
prove quite useful, and
maybe even quite interesting,
so...
Why not to take a good
look at them !
So in the next slide, let's first
see if you can discover how
modals should be used with
the present perfect and
present perfect progressive
tenses, which we have been
studying lately...
They should have listened to me.
She must have been working all
night long.
He could have died when he
performed his last stunt.
It might have been a good idea.
I must have been sleeping.
BINGO !
You simply
add the modal
in front of the
verb... Just as
usual,
basically !...
And more precisely...
It looks like we actually do just
like this...
How to combine modals with the present
perfect and present perfect progressive tenses
Subject
+
Modal
+
Not (if needed)
+
Auxiliary HAVE (not conjugated)
+
Adverb (if needed)
+
Rest of sentence
And so...
Let's see if you could
already do the same, by
properly conjugating the
following verbs, while
using the suggested
modals !
PRESENT PERFECT
He (could, do) ________ a better job.
They (should, listen) _____ to me.
I (must, receive) _____ this phone call one
or two days ago.
By then, he (should, open) _____ your letter.
It (must, not, be) _____ easy.
They (should, not, do) ____ that.
At that time, she (will, already, be) _____
there for two weeks.
(Could, you, not, tell) _____ me about it
before ?
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
They (must, play) ____ for two hours now.
He (must, drink) _____ for at least 10
years.
She (may, simply, do) ____ her job !
It (could, not, progress) _____ more
quickly.
We (might, not, pay) _____ enough
attention.
You (will, learn) ____ something pretty
useful !
AMAZING !
You did it
!...
And you should therefore be
ready now to take a look to
the last complex construction
we should be studying in this
powerpoint presentation, if
not in our course as a
whole...
So let's see if you can
actually find some way to
explain what is going on in
the next slide...
This meal is well-cooked.
This meal was well-cooked.
This meal has been well-cooked.
You are congratulated.
You were congratulated.
You have been congratulated.
It is accomplished.
It was accomplished.
It has been accomplished.
EXACTLY !
In these
sentences, the
verb has not only
been put in the
passive voice,
but conjugated in
three different
tenses !
And if you take a second look
at it, can you find how exactly
the passive voice is formed,
when the verb is conjugated
in the simple past or present
perfect ?
And more precisely, can
you find out what part
of the verb actually gets
conjugated, in such
cases ?
This meal is well-cooked.
This meal was well-cooked.
This meal has been well-cooked.
You are congratulated.
You were congratulated.
You have been congratulated.
It is accomplished.
It was accomplished.
It has been accomplished.
YES !
The
auxiliary,
and more
precisely
the
auxiliary
BE !
And now that you got the
idea...
Let's see if you can
already start applying it, by
conjugating the following
verbs in the indicated
tense, while also
formulating them in the
passive voice !
The task (accomplished, simple past)
_________ in due time.
The task (accomplished, present perfect)
_________ in due time.
This painting (acknowledge, simple past)
________ as a great work of art.
This painting (acknowledge, present perfect
________ as a great work of art.
They (nominate, both, simple past)
_________ as best actors.
They (nominate, both, present perfect)
_________ as best actors.
http://www.englischhilfen.de/en/complex_tests/passive2/index.php
WOW !
YOU
SURE
DID
GREAT
!
And in fact, you know what ?
You did so great that
you actually deserve to
take a little...
VACATION !
So enjoy yourself and....
See you next class !
CHEERS !
Mister Tremblay cours d'anglais
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