Transcript independent_and_dependent_clauses

Independent and
dependent clauses
Learning Objective
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Today I will distinguish between
independent and dependent clauses
I will be able to write an analogy for
independent and dependent clauses.
I will be able to write and punctuate
complex sentences correctly.
Why are we going over this?
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Too many of you have included sentence
fragments in your writing. In other words,
you are not using complete sentences!
The Clause:
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Clauses ALWAYS have subjects and verbs
Clauses are categorized into 2 groups:
Independent (AKA main)
Dependent (AKA subordinate)
The independent clause can stand alone as a
complete sentence or thought (not a fragment)
The dependent clause CANNOT stand alone; it
has a subject and verb, but is a fragment and
DEPENDS on a main clause to make sense
An analogy to help:
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Think of the Main Clause as a manager.
Think of the Subordinate Clauses as
workers.
The Subordinates cannot do the work
without the Manager’s approval (otherwise,
chaos ensues).
Thus, any subordinate clause always
needs a main clause to manage them.
Or if that didn’t make sense to you,
try this one:
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The independent clause can be thought of
as a parent.
Whereas the dependent (subordinate)
clauses can be thought of as the children.
Hence, the children depend on the parents’
approval to do
anything.
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Can you think of another analogy that
would work for independent and dependent
clauses?
A related group of words with a
subject and predicate is called a
clause.
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complex sentence contains an
independent and dependent clause.
Independent clause
Native Americans lived on the island
until they were attacked.
Dependent clause
Here’s a trick!
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You can check to see if a clauses is
independent or dependent by using this
following trick:
At the beginning of the clause in question,
add “It is possible that”
It’s possible that
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Example:
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Grew up in Palm Desert
I am your 10th grade student this year at LQHS.
Also to see what your personality was
For example running, playing, jumping.
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Are any of these independent clauses?
Write I or D for independent or
dependent clause.
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1. if you live on an island______
2. the tides affect your life______
3. the water level rises_____
4. when the tide comes in_____
5. much of the beach disappears under
water_____
6. until the tide goes out_____
In the following sentences, identify the
independent and dependent clauses.
Although it was located next to a school, the
Radiac Research Corporation was storing large
amounts of medical waste.
 Cleopatra lived in ancient Egypt, which she
ruled.
 When a crowd gathered for a public rally, the
teens told the people about Radiac.
 Billy fell in the sewer on a neighborhood street as
he was playing on a Saturday afternoon.
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Furthermore,
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How do I punctuate two independent
clauses that are closely related?
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USE A SEMICOLON! Or a period
Independent Clause:
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I need new school clothes. I will go to the
mall.
Because these sentences (independent
clauses) are closely related, they can be
joined with a semi-colon:
Sub verb
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sub verb verb
I need new clothes ; I will go to the mall.
independent clause
independent clause
If you start a sentence with a
dependent clause, use a comma
before the independent clause.
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USE A COMMA!
Because I don’t have a car, I can’t go
off campus for lunch today.
***If the dependent clause appears after
the independent clause, you don’t need any
punctuation! Whoo hoo!
I can’t go off campus today for lunch
because I don’t have a car.
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Whenever you begin a sentence with a
subordinating conjunction, use a comma.
sub
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verb
independent clause
Because my cell phone rang in class
dependent clause
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sub
My cell phone rang in class. I answered it.
independent clause
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verb
,
I answered it.
independent clause
Last week’s sentence structure works here as well: My cell phone
rang in class; I answered it.
Either way, rather than write two boring sentences punctuated with a
period, you can now choose two different ways to write this
sentence more effectively by using a more complex structure.
Tools you need to remember:
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It’s possible that…
Also, here are some words that
trigger the entrance of a
dependent clause:
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Because
When Though
Unless
Whenever
While
As long as
As soon as
In order that
If
Since
Although
After
As
As if
Before
So that
Until
TASK- what’s cooking?
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Write one sentence for each following sentence
recipe:
Recipe #1: Two independent clauses closely
related
Recipe #2: Complex sentence starting with a
dependent clause (use your list of trigger words)
Recipe #3: Complex sentence ending with a
dependent clause.
Finally, write an analogy for independent and
dependent clauses. Be sure to draw a picture to
go with it!