Transcript present perfect simple

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PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Anna Mikšaníková
ZŠ U Školy
Theoretical Background for the
Interactive Presentation
Form and Use
of Present Perfect Simple
Here are several sentences in P.P.S.:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
I have been a nurse for a long time.
We have lived here since 1999.
You have painted 5 rooms.
She has just made the dinner.
They have lost their wallets.
He has been to Paris.
Task 1 : Use the sentences to find out how
to form the affirmative form of P.P.S.
Have / Has + past participle
Follow-up questions:
? Why to use ‘have’ and ‘has’ . Where is the difference?
? What is the past participle? Think of regular and
irregular verbs.
Past Participle
Regular verbs
Irregular verbs
- formed by adding –ed
to the infinitive
- try to form it-it is
easy  :
help - …………………………..
look - ……………………………
walk - …………………………..
work - …………………………..
- the third column in the
irregular verb chart
- unfortunately you have
to study all of these
forms – but you can
make it 
- e.g. do-did-DONE
see-saw-SEEN
go-went-GONE
Past Participle-Exceptions in spelling
when adding -ed
• After a final –e add d only e.g. live-lived
• Final -y after a consonant becomes –ied
e.g. worry-worried
• Final -y after a vowel is not changed
e.g. play-played
• One-syllable verb ends in a single consonant
preceded by a single vowel – final consonant must
be doubled e.g. stop - stopped
Task 2 : Try to find out how to form the negative
and the question of P.P.S. using the common rules
for creating these two forms of sentences.
• Negative
- Clue:common rule is to add
NOT to the auxiliary
- So try to form negatives
from these sentences:
a) I have been a nurse for
a long time.
b) We have lived here since
1999.
• Question
- Clue: common pattern for
questions is : (question
word +) auxiliary +
subject +full verb)
- So try to form questions
from these sentences:
a) They have lost their
wallets.
b) He has been to Paris.
Task 3 : Read the USE of P.P.S. Then try to
connect it with the examples of the sentences.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
Finished action with an
influence on the present.
Actions or states over a
long period of time up to
now.
Action that has stopped
recently and has a
present result.
Emphasis on the result.
Action that has happened
at any time before the
moment of speaking.
a) I have been a nurse for a
long time.
b) We have lived here since
1999.
c) You have painted 5
rooms.
d) She has just made the
dinner.
e) They have lost their
wallets.
f) He has been to Paris
Task 4 : Translate the sentences in P.P.S.
into your mother tongue. Which tenses do
you use in your language? Then try to place
the P.P.S. on the timeline.
past
present
future
Clue for the location:
The location on the timeline shows the relation to the present.
Time expressions with P.P.S
Task 5 : Translate the words into your language.
Already, just, (not) yet
Never , ever, before
Since, for
So far, till now, up to now
Task 6 : Connect the use with its time
expressions
• Use
• Time expressions
1)
a) Already, just, (not) yet
2)
3)
4)
5)
Finished action with an
influence on the present.
Actions or states over a
long period of time up to
now.
Action that has stopped
recently and has a
present result.
Emphasis on the result.
Action that has happened
at any time before the
moment of speaking.
b) Never , ever, before
c) Since, for
d) So far, till now, up to now
P.P.S. compared with other tenses
Typical features of tenses that can be mistaken with P.P.S.:
1) Present Simple
- Fact about the present; repeated actions; no consequences
- Time expressions: always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,
never, rarely,barely, every week,…
2) Present Continuous
- Temporary actions;actions happening now or around now
- Time expressions: at the moment, now, this week…
3) Past Simple
- Finished, completed actions;specified time
- Time expressions: ago, last, in 1995…..
Task 7 : Look at the pairs of the sentences and
explain the difference in meaning between a) and b).
a) I phoned Jane two days ago.
b) I have just phoned Jane.
a) I didn‘t see the film yesterday.
b) I haven‘t seen the film before.
a) I have lived here for 10 years.
b) I am living here during my holidays.
a) He has written 2 books so far.
b) He wrote many books.
a)
b)
I know him very well.
I have known him since 2003.
Summary
KEEP IN MIND
while using
Present Perfect Simple :
1)
2)
3)
4)
Unfinished action
Unspecified time
Result in or influence on the present
The time expressions connected with
P.P.S.
You have just mastered
Present Perfect Simple
CONGRATULATIONS