Transcript the structure of english

Facoltà di Economia
CdL Economia e gestione dei servizi turistici
Lingua Inglese
Success
Olga Denti
a.a. 2008/2009
Success
English words connected with .......
A company’s success
Factors
To succeed Success
Successful
To fail
Failure
Failing
Concept
Getting a business off the ground
Spot a gap in the market
Research
Demand Offer Start-up Funding
Venture
Risk
Sources Bank
Business plan
To lend Loan Partner
Financial outlay
V. Capitalist To invest
investment investor
profit loss sole proprietor responsible for debt
After you set up a business, you need a clear
business strategy, to be able to
communicate the USP (unique selling point) and
to be aware of competitors (rivals)
A company also needs to be able to manage
change.
Passion into profit
A start-up is a new business. Many people decide
to start up their own business because they have
what they think is a good business idea and they
want to become entrepreneurs.
But it is
important to prepare a good business plan before
you start. You need to know if there is a demand
for the products or services you want to offer. If
you can finance the operation, find customers and
beat the competition, you have a good chance of
making a profit. Then you can call your business a
success.
An interview with Jake Goldrick
Listening comprehension p.42
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What can companies do to make more profit?
keep costs as low as possible
What happens if a competitor brings out a
better product?
you can lose customers
What does Jake mean when he says that ‘no
company wants to stand still?’
companies want to grow, find new markets
and new opportunities.
bankrupt adj not having enough money to pay your debts and so not allowed to
continue any business activities: [bancarotta] A lot of people will lose their jobs if
the company goes bankrupt.
business plan n [C] a document produced by a new company giving details of
expected sales and costs, how the company can be financed and why it can expect
to make money: [business plan, piano d'impresa] The bank needs to see a business
plan before it will provide money for the start-up.
company n [C] an organisation that makes or sells goods or services in order to
make money: [azienda] He works for a software company.
competition n [U] a situation in which businesses are trying to be more successful
than others by selling more goods and services and making more profit:
[concorrenza] There is strong competition between the two companies. - compete v
[I] - [competere] competitor n [C] [concorrente, competitor] - competitive adj
[competitivo]
demand n [U] the total amount of a type of goods or services that people or
companies want to buy: [domanda] There was strong demand for jeans last month.
entrepreneur n [C] someone who starts a company, arranges business deals and
takes risks in order to make a profit: [imprenditore] She's a successful
entrepreneur who has started several profitable companies.
distribution n [U] the activities of making goods available to customers after they
have been produced, for example, moving, storing and selling goods:
[distribuzione] The company plans to use computers to improve distribution.
finance n [U] money provided or lent (for example by a bank) for investment in a
business: [finanziamento] We need finance to start manufacturing our new
product. - finance v [T] [finanziare] Collocations get finance, provide finance, raise
finance
loss n [U] when a business spends more money than it receives, or loses money on a
particular deal or problem: [perdita] We had a loss of $20 million last year.
Collocations make a loss, suffer a loss
- lose v [T] [perdere]
market share n [C, U] the percentage of sales that a company or product has in a
market: [quota di mercato] The company hopes to increase its market share by 5
per cent next year.
profit n [C, U] money that you make from selling something or doing business in a
particular period, after taking away costs: [profitto] Coca-Cola reported strong
profits last year. Collocations make a profit, earn a profit
start-up n [C] a new company that has started to do business recently: [azienda
start-up] This bank specialises in providing finance for start-ups.
Types of companies
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A MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION
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A SMALL FAMILY BUSINESS
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A MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISE
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SMEs: Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
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A HIGH-TECH CORPORATION
Success
(Reading Comprehension) p.43
Passion into profit
General:
- What is this article about?
- What is a smoothie?
- Why do you think PJ Smoothies is a successful company?
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PARA I: What is the meaning of ‘healthy’? Can you give
examples of similar words?
What does ‘he was on the road to corporate success’
mean?
PARA II: What is the meaning of the verb ‘rented’? Can
you give a synonym?
Success
(Reading Comprehension) p.43
Passion into profit
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PARA III: What ‘opportunity’ does Harry refer to?

PARA IV: Can you give a synonym of ‘grew’? And the
opposite? What do we mean by ‘they didn’t have the
stock to meet demand’?

PARA VI: What is the antonym of ‘strength’? And their
adjectives? What verb does ‘leader’ come from? What
is its noun action? Can you give similar words?
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PARA VII: when you go bankrupt, you …
Present Perfect v Simple past
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Actions which started in
the past and continue in
the present
No time reference
Today, this
week/month/year,
ever/never, for/since,
just, yet, already, so
far, recently

Actions which started
and ended in the past
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How, Wh- questions
Yesterday, last
week/month/year, in,
on
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CHOOSE THE PRESENT PERFECT
OR THE SIMPLE PAST
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1. Last month, the Bank of England
_______________ (to pump) large sums of cash into
the financial system.
2. “I’m sorry, Sir, but the Manager _______________
(already, to leave) the office”.
3. When we were at the G8 Meeting we
_______________ (not to have time) to visit the
older parts of the city.
4. Laptops _______________ (to become) more
popular than desktop computers when people started
working from home.
5. They __________ (to be married) for 10 years
before separating
6. He ___________ (to work) for IBM since he
__________ (to finish) university.
7. ‘I ____________ (to break) my leg!’
‘How _____ that __________ (to happen)?’
‘I ________ (to fall down) the bicycle on Monday
after going to church.’
8. The company ____________ (to have) several
problems when the supplier _______(to go bankrupt)
9. In the last couple of days, investors _____________
(to lose) a lot of money.
Language
1 Write the verbs in the past simple.
Harold Mack (1)____________ (finish) school in 1989
with no qualifications. He (2)____________
(not/know) what he wanted to do and so
(3)___________ (do) various jobs. In 1992 he
(4)____________ (have) a simple idea and
(5)____________ (found) Mack Packing. The
company (6)_____________ (start) in a small
warehouse in East London. In the beginning Harold
only (7)____________ (employ) four people but the
company (8)____________ (grow) quickly and two
years later there (9)____________ (be) more than
twenty. In 1996 Mack Packing (10)____________
(receive) its first international order and now the
company exports packaging to ten countries in
Europe.
2 Write questions about Harold Mack in the past
simple.
11Q: When
____________________________________?
A: In 1989.
12Q: Where
____________________________________?
A: In a small warehouse in East London.
13Q:
__________________________________________?
A: Four people.
14Q:
__________________________________________?
A: Its first international order.
3 Complete each sentence with one word from A
and one from B.
A business / start / market / set / top / business
B up / job / share / idea / up / plan
15Their _____________ _____________ is bigger than
their competitors.
16He has the ______________ _______________ in
the company.
17A _____________ -______________ is a new
business.
18Every entrepreneur begins with a good
________________ ______________.
19A new company ___________ __________ in our
area and we went bankrupt.
20To get money from the bank, you need to show them
your ________________ ______________.
4 Underline the correct verb in brackets.
21A successful company has to (make / do) a profit.
22Can I introduce you to the man who (heads / tops)
the company? This is our CEO…
23I (pay / rent) an apartment in the city centre.
24To grow, we need to (find / look) new opportunities
in the market.
25We have to increase production to (see / meet)
demand.
26I don’t want to work for someone. I want to (have /
be) my own boss.
27We want to (bring / send) out a new type of
smoothie next year.
28Is it possible to (run / make) a business when you
don’t enjoy it?
29To survive in business, your company cannot (be /
stand) still.
30I like to (play / have) fun at the weekend.
Unit Test 5 Answer Key
Language
1 finished / 2 didn’t know / 3 did / 4 had / 5 founded /
6 started / 7 employed / 8 grew / 9 were / 10
received
11 When did he finish school? / 12 Where did the
company start? / 13 How many people did he
employ? / 14 What did Mack Packing receive in
1996?
Vocabulary
15 market share / 16 top job / 17 start-up / 18 business
idea / 19 set up / 20 business plan
21 make / 22 heads / 23 rent / 24 find / 25 meet / 26
be / 27 bring / 28 run / 29 stand / 30 have
PHONETICS unit 5
['fæktə(r)] [sək'ses]
['feɪljə(r)]
['ventʃə(r)]
[bæŋk]
['kæpɪtl]
[faɪ'nænʃl] ['aʊtleɪ]
[lɔs /lɒs]
[sɔrs /sɔːs]
[səʊl] [prə'praɪətə(r)]
[ləʊn]
['rɪːsɜrtʃ /rɪ'sɜːtʃ]
['kɒnsept]