Transcript Subordinate Clause (Annette Oliva)

Oops! I think
you have the
wrong clause!
What is the difference between
a phrase and a clause?
• A phrase is a group of words, while a clause is
a word group that contains a verb and its
subject. A clause can be used as a sentence or
as part of a sentence.
Some Facts About Clauses:
• EVERY clause has a subject and a predicate.
SOME clauses will express complete thoughts
(these are called independent, or main, clauses).
SOME clauses will NOT express complete
thoughts (these are called subordinate, or
dependent, clauses).
When a sentence includes an independent clause and
complex
a subordinate clause, it is a __________
sentence.
Subordinate clauses can function as nouns,
adverbs, or adjectives in a sentence.
*Underline the subordinating clause in each sentence.
_____________________
Once
the room is finished, we will buy new furniture for it.
_________________________
Did you see the woman, whose
entire family was killed, on the Biggest Loser?
The book _________________
that I read yesterday was about World War II.
Don’t forget to wipe your shoes_________________________
before you step on the carpet.
(Note: The clauses may be at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the sentence.)
Adjective Clauses
The adjective clause modifies a noun or a pronoun.
Note the difference between the following:
ADJECTIVE:
the blonde woman
ADJECTIVE PHRASE: the woman with blonde hair
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE: the woman who has blonde hair
An adjective clause is usually introduced by a _________
relative
_________.
pronoun
Common Relative Pronouns
that
which
whom
who
whose
• Underline the adjective clause in each sentence.
The prizes went to students __________________________________
who had scored the most points.
This is the system that
works best for me.
____________________________
The boy whose
dog won received a ribbon.
___________________
Occasionally adjective clauses can be
introduced by when or where.
• Examples: That is the box where I put all of my
books. (it modifies “box”, a noun, so it is still
an adjective clause).
Do you remember the time when I lost my book?
(modifies time)
BE CAREFUL—MANY TIMES WE LEAVE OFF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN WHEN WE SPEAK
Examples: (Can you tell what was left out?)
I haven’t seen the souvenirs she bought in Mexico.
that
A boy I know is the drummer for the band we saw in concert.
who
Adverb clauses usually answer where, when,
_______________
how, or why to
the verb, or to what extent or
under what condition.
• Note the difference between the following:
ADVERB:
He fell down.
ADVERB PHRASE: He fell down the hill.
ADVERB CLAUSE: When he fell down, he hurt his knee.
An adverb clause is a subordinate clause that
modifies a verb, adjective, or an adverb.
Tell which word each clause modifies and how it modifies it.
You may sit wherever you wish. (tells where you sit )
When winter sets in, many animals hibernate.
(tells when animals hibernate )
Meg looks as though she has seen a ghost.
(tells how Meg looks)
Josh is happy because he has a new job.
(tells why Josh is happy)
Ty can run faster than Matt can. (tells how much faster)
to what extent
If Cailyn is not sick, we will go to the fair.
(tells under what conditions we will go )
Note: When a sentence begins with an adverb clause, it is followed
by a comma, but if the clause is at the end of the sentence, you do
not need a comma to separate it from the independent clause.
When the clause is in the middle of the sentence, you may or may
not need to set it off with commas (one before, and one after).
Common Subordinating Conjunctions
after
although
as
as if
as long as
as soon as
as though
because
before
how
if
in order that
since
so that
than
though
unless
until
when
whenever
where
wherever
whether
while
A noun clause is a subordinate clause that is
used as a noun.
Common Introductory Words for Noun Clauses
how
that
what
whatever
when
whether
which
who
whoever
whom
whomever
why
*List the 5 different ways a noun clause can be used.
That she was only sixteen was a secret at the party. ________
_subject
We suddenly remembered who she was. _______________
direct object
The judges gave whoever participated a ribbon. ____________
indirect object
I was amazed by how tall the building was. _______________
object of prep.
A stuffed animal was what Mary was trying to win.
____________________
predicate nominative
*Underline the subordinate clause and label it as an
adjective, adverb, or noun clause.
adverb clause
Since
none of us owned bikes, we decided to rent some. __________
_______________________________
adjective clause
The man _________________________
who rented us the bikes was helpful. ____________________
adverb clause
We were in trouble ___________________________________
when Garrett’s bike got a flat tire. _______________
How we would repair it
________________________
became the topic of a heated discussion.
____________________
noun clause
We decided to take the bike to whatever
bike shop was nearest us.
____________________________________
noun clause
__________________
The thing ________________
that worried us was getting our money back for fixing it.
__________________
adjective clause
______________________________
When we returned our bikes, we
showed the man the receipt.
adverb clause
___________________
He refunded us the money_____________________________
we had spent to fix the tire.
adjective clause (the word “that” was left off)
____________________