Transcript Take a look…

Let’s Talk about
VERBS…
Bridget Green Grammar MFWI 2007
Take a look…
They laughed.
She coughed.
The bus has arrived.
I’m working.
We enjoy singing.
She admitted her mistake.
Bring your homework.
He found it.
Subject, Verb, and Object?
They laughed.
She coughed.
The bus has arrived.
I’m working.
We enjoy singing.
She admitted her mistake.
Bring your homework.
He found it.
What’s the difference?
They laughed.
She coughed.
The bus has arrived.
I’m working.
We enjoy singing.
She admitted her mistake.
Bring your homework.
He found it.
Intransitive
Verbs
They laughed.
She coughed.
The bus has arrived.
I’m working.
Transitive
Verbs
We enjoy singing.
She admitted her mistake.
Bring your homework.
He found it.
Intransitive Verbs
Intransitive verbs are verbs that are not
followed by an object.
They laughed.
The bus has arrived.
She coughed.
I’m working.
Intransitive Verbs
However, they can be followed by other
things, like prepositions or adverbs.
They laughed at the joke.
The bus has arrived late.
Transitive Verbs
Transitive verbs are verbs that are followed
by an object.
We enjoy singing.
Bring your homework.
She admitted her mistake.
He found it.
Transitive Verbs
The object is usually a noun phrase.
She admitted her mistake.
But it can be a noun clause.
She admitted that she was wrong.
Or a gerund…
She admitted making a mistake.
Transitive Verbs
Sometimes there are two objects!
Bring me your homework.
Transitive Verbs
But it is wrong to have NO OBJECT.
X We enjoy.
X She admitted.
X Bring.
X
He found.
Which is it?
I love that song!
The train is leaving.
Who cut your hair?
We were sitting by the fire.
I want to go to New Zealand.
Will you give me a hand?
My son is waiting for his test results.
I have to make my son an appointment.
It doesn’t matter.
Which is it?
I love that song!
Transitive
The train is leaving.
Who cut your hair?
Transitive
We were sitting by the fire.
I want to go to New Zealand.
Will you give me a hand?
My son is waiting for his results. Transitive
I have to make my son an appointment.
It doesn’t matter.
Transitive
Which is it?
I love that song!
The train is leaving. Intransitive
Who cut your hair?
Intransitive
We were sitting by the fire.
Intransitive
I want to go to New Zealand.
Will you give me a hand?
Intransitive
My son is waiting for his test results.
I have to make my son an appointment.
Intransitive
It doesn’t matter.
How do you know?
Look in a dictionary!
Intransitive
Verbs
Transitive
Verbs
But…
Some verbs can be
EITHER Intransitive OR Transitive.
Which is it?
Which is the verb? Decide if they are I or T.
She drinks every day after work.
He drinks a lot of water when he’s sick.
My teacher drove the van downtown.
She drove to Seattle in about five hours.
Write a paragraph about your family.
I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan.
When the bell rings, you can begin.
You can begin the test when the bell rings.
Which is it?
She drinks every day after work. I
He drinks a lot of water when he’s sick.T
My teacher drove the van downtown.T
She drove to Seattle in about five hours.I
I
Write a paragraph about your family.T
I’ll write to you when you go back to Japan.I
I
When the bell rings, you can begin.I
You can begin the test when the bell rings.T/I
How do you know?
Look in a dictionary!
Intransitive OR Transitive
Transitive Verbs
Transitive verbs can be made passive.
The cat chased the mouse.
The mouse was chased by the cat.
by = ‘the agent’ = who
Transitive Verbs
Passives…
People make cars in Japan.
Cars are made in Japan
.
by people
‘be’ + pp
pp = ‘past participle’
Transitive Verbs
Passives…
Can you remember?
1. In the passive, the ________ becomes the subject.
2. The verb is formed by the verb ______ + _______.
3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? )
Transitive Verbs
Passives…
Answers…
1. In the passive, the OBJECT becomes the subject.
2. The verb is formed by the verb BE + PAST PARTICIPLE.
3. The verb is always [T] / [I]. (Which one? )
Transitive!
Transitive Verbs
Passives…
WHY?
*We use the passive when
we don’t know
or we don’t really care
who does the action.
Cars are made in Japan
.
by people
Transitive Verbs
Passives…
*If we want to
focus more attention
on the object,
then we use the passive.
Usually we
don’t use
by someone
in the passive
because we don’t know or we
don’t care who does the
action.
Cars are made in Japan
.
by people
If we know who, then we
add by someone.
Transitive Verbs
Passives: Practice
Active
Passive
Workers built the hotel.
People have sung that song.
Justin Timberlake will sing that song.
Choose the passive when…
1.
2.
3.
4.
We don’t know who.
We don’t care who.
We don’t want to say who.
We want to focus on the thing and not the subject.
Here are some passive sentences. What are the active
sentences? Why are they better as passive sentences?
Passive
Active
Why passive
is better
We don’t know
The highway will be
People will complete the
who…
completed next month. highway next month.
English is taught in
Teachers teach English in Who is
junior high school.
Mistakes were made.
Romeo and Juliet was
written by
Shakespeare.
junior high school.
George Bush made
mistakes.
Shakespeare wrote Romeo
and Juliet.
obvious…
They don’t want
to say who…
We are more
interested in
the play than
the writer.
Homework
• One grammar cards
• The homework handout
• Check the answers to your homework
from last week (Thursday after 4pm).