Transcript Earth Science Exam Review 1x

1. As the light source moves away
from an observer, describe the
wavelength of light to the observer.
It gets longer.
2. The ozone layer in the atmosphere
acts as a shield. What does it shield
Earth from?
UV radiation
3. Which illustration best represents the
shape of the galaxy that includes the Sun?
4. Which characteristic
below most likely accounts for our
limited knowledge of galaxies?
A. their tiny size
B. their magnetic cores
C. their inability to produce light
D. their distance from Earth
their distance from Earth
5. Which galactic object can be
described as a system of stars, gases,
dust, and other matter that orbits a
common center of gravity?
galaxy
6. Which statement is the best description
of the Milky Way galaxy?
A. a collection of gases held together by
inertia
B. a group of planets revolving around a
single star
C. a collection of stars and gases with the
Sun as its center
D. a group of stars, dust, and planets held
together by gravity
a group of stars, dust, and planets held
together by gravity
7. A scientific article about the
universe will most likely describe the
universe as
A. consisting of billions of galaxies.
B. being less than two billion years old.
C. containing approximately ten
planets.
D. becoming smaller over time.
consisting of billions of galaxies.
8. Which statement best describes the
relationship between Earth and the Milky
Way Galaxy?
A. Earth is billions of light-years away from
the Milky Way Galaxy.
B. Earth is part of a galaxy that is nearest to
the Milky Way Galaxy.
C. Earth is located in the Milky Way galaxy
but far from the galaxy center.
D. Earth is positioned in the center of the
Milky Way Galaxy.
Earth is located in the Milky Way galaxy
but far from the galaxy center.
9. In which structure is the Sun
located?
A. Milky Way Galaxy
B. Andromeda Galaxy
C. Cat’s Eye Nebula
D. Horseshoe Nebula
Milky Way Galaxy
10. How long ago did the universe form
according to the Big Bang theory?
13.7 bya
11. What type of galaxy is the Milky
Way Galaxy?
spiral
12. What galaxy cluster does our galaxy
belong to?
Local Group
13. Which statement below best
describes our galaxy cluster?
A. It contains less than 12 galaxies.
B. It is the smallest galaxy cluster in the
solar system.
C. It contains 75 known galaxies and
has only 5 planets.
D. It contains 28 galaxies.
It contains 28 galaxies.
14. Based upon the red shift of galaxies,
which statement below best describes the
movement of galaxies in the universe?
A. The galaxies are moving away from our
galaxy.
B. Galaxies are approaching our galaxy at
amazing speeds.
C. Galaxies have stopped moving.
D. Galaxies are changing colors as they
approach our galaxy.
The galaxies are moving away from
our galaxy.
15. A process occurs in a star that converts
matter into energy. Which of these describes
the process that includes the conversion of
matter into energy?
A. Atoms split, decreasing the average size of
atomic nuclei.
B. Atoms fuse, increasing the average size of
atomic nuclei.
C. Atoms release electrons to form positive
ions.
D. Atoms acquire electrons to form negative
ions.
Atoms fuse, increasing the average
size of atomic nuclei.
16. The influence of the Moon on the tides on Earth is
greater than that of the Sun. Which best explains this?
A. The Moon is more similar in
composition to Earth than the Sun.
B. The Moon has a smaller mass than
Earth and the Sun.
C. The Moon has a higher density than
the Sun.
D. The Moon is closer to Earth than the
Sun.
The Moon is closer to Earth than the
Sun.
17. The temperate zones of the United
States experience changing of seasons
from winter to summer. Which is the
reason for this annual change of
seasons?
the tilt of Earth’s axis
18. A low tide and a high tide occur in
the oceans two times each day. Which
factor has the greatest affect on the
size of the tides?
gravitational pull from the Moon
19. When it is summer in the northern hemisphere
of Earth, it is winter in the southern hemisphere.
Which statement explains this fact?
A. The Sun gives off more heat in the
summer and less heat in the winter.
B. Earth is farther from the Sun in winter
and closer to the Sun in summer.
C. With more clouds in the winter, less
sunlight can reach the surface of Earth.
D. Since Earth is tilted on its axis, heat from
the Sun gets distributed unequally.
Since Earth is tilted on its axis, heat
from the Sun gets distributed
unequally.
20. At the equator, Earth spins at a
rate of about 1670 kilometers per
hour. The circumference of Earth at
the equator is about 40000
kilometers. About how long does it
take Earth to make one complete
rotation on its axis at the equator?
24 hours
21. The axis of Earth is tilted at an
angle of 23.5° from the vertical
position. Which of the following is the
main result of this tilt?
Earth’s seasons
22. Identify the shape of Earth's
revolution around the sun as stated by
Kepler's First Law of Motion.
ellipse
23. Which motion of Earth causes its
shape to be a oblate(flattened)
spheroid?
rotation
24. As a scientist, I hope to find a star
with planets revolving around it. What
might indicate that a planet use to
determine if a star has planets
revolving around it?(Remember, we
modeled this outside with a partner.)
barycentre
25. The Sun and other stars are powered by
nuclear fusion. Which of these statements
correctly describes one of the processes that
occur during nuclear fusion in stars?
A. Four hydrogen nuclei combine to become a
helium nucleus, absorbing energy.
B. Four helium nuclei combine to become a
hydrogen nucleus, releasing energy.
C. Four hydrogen nuclei combine to become a
helium nucleus, releasing energy.
Four hydrogen nuclei combine to
become a helium nucleus, releasing
energy.