In The Beginning
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Transcript In The Beginning
How did the Universe
form?
Astronomy
The study of the universe, stars,
planets and all celestial objects in
space.
The Big Bang Theory
15-20 Billion years ago all matter & energy
was squished into a tiny dot that
eventually exploded, forming the Universe.
Big bang animation
The Big Bang Theory
Huge clouds of hydrogen, helium and other
matter formed.
Dust clouds formed the beginnings of
galaxies, stars, planets and other celestial
bodies.
COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION
Evidence for the
Big Bang
Long-wavelength background radiation
coming from all directions in the universe
Electromagnetic Spectrum emitted by stars
Almost all galaxies have a red shift;
indicating that the universe is expanding
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Doppler Effect
Change of wavelengths as an object
moves toward or away from us.
Doppler Effect
Objects moving away = red shift, wavelength
increases-stretches.
Objects moving towards = blue shift,
wavelength decreases.
Spectra:
Doppler Red Shift
‘Away’
Blue
Blue
Red
Red
Doppler Blue Shift
‘ to You ’
Blue
Red
Blue
Red
Hubble’s Law
The
Universe is expanding
Nearby spots are moving away
slowly while distant spots are
moving away more rapidly.
Light Year
Distance
light travels in one
year (6 trillion miles) ! 1 light
year = 1 earth year.
Galaxies
What galaxy do we
live in?
Milky Way Galaxy
-Billions of stars !
Milky Way
Galaxy
-Sun is located
on one spiral
arm.
Irregular Galaxy
Elliptical Galaxy
Spiral Galaxy
Galaxies
System
of billions of stars
Classified according to their
shape
Elliptical galaxies are most
common
Solar system
Sun,
stars, planets, moons,
comets...
Formed about 4.5 billion years
ago
SUN
A
star.
Provides Earth with heat and light,
making life possible.
Energy drives ocean currents and
weather.
Composed of hydrogen and helium.
5 billion years old.
SUN
Temperatures
increases toward its
center-12million degrees Kelvin
Galileo observed sunspots and
discovered Sun rotated.
Rotates faster at equator than poles
(just like the earth)
CLOSURE
Hw-UPCO
Lab
p. 439-441
is Due by TOMORROW!!!