Transcript Basic structure of a sentence

Making Questions
S
+
V
+
O
+
C1
Peter
drives
to work.
Peter
drives
to work
everyday.
Peter
drives
to work
everyday
Gabby
likes
toast.
Gabby
likes
toast
Gabby
likes
toast
Subject
Verb
Object
+
C2
at 7 o’clock.
for breakfast.
for breakfast
Compliment
on Sundays.
(Adverbial)
S
Peter
+
V
+
drives
O
to work.
+
C
adverb
Peter always drives
to work.
adverbial
Peter usually drives
to work
at 8 o’clock
Peter will often drive
to work
at 8 o’clock
Peter has always driven
to work
at 8 o’clock
Aux
Look at these models.
Peter is a doctor.
Who is a doctor?
What is Peter?
A doctor
Peter.
John can fly a helicopter. Who can fly a helicopter? John.
What can John fly?
A helicopter.
Maria has got a dog. Who has got a dog?
What has Maria got?
A dog.
Maria.
Notice that they all have an auxilliary verb in the
structure and the same auxilliary is used to make the
questions for both the subject and the object.
Peter has gone to London. Who has gone to London. Peter.
Peter has gone to London. Where has Peter gone. To London.
This is a rule.
When we ask a question about a structure that does not
have an auxilliary verb in it – we have to use the auxilliary
verb “do”.
Maria lives in Madrid.
Maria lives in Madrid.
Brian drives a Porche.
Brian drives a Porche.
Who lives in Madrid . Maria
Where does Maria live. Madrid.
Who drives a Porche?
What does Brian drive?
Brian.
A Porche.
Notice that we do not need an auxilliary verb to
make a question for the subjects Maria / Brian
BUT
we had to use one to make the question for
the object Madrid / Porche
This is another rule.
S
V
O
Peter drives to work
C
everyday.
To make questions about this situation we must use the structure:
Question word + Auxiliary + Sub + Verb + Object +Compliment
QW
aux
S
V
O
C
Is there an auxiliary verb in the sentence
Peter drives to work everyday.
NO there isn’t - but remember -we must use an
auxiliary
to make questions about everything after the Subject.
To do this we have to use the
auxiliary verb “do” .
The word Peter and the word drives is 3º person so we
must change “do” to “does,” and remember
The Question Word comes first and then the auxilliary + SVOC (A)
Peter drives to work everyday
QW
aux
S +
V
+ O
+
C
Who
Peter
drives
to work
everyday?
Where does
Peter
drive
To work
everyday?
When does
Peter
drive
What
Peter
do
does
He
drives
to work?
Everyday
everyday?
to work
S
V
O
Helen hates coffee
Vicky
is
English
Juan
can
drive
Jenny is going to London
Mark went to Madrid
Remember that we do not need an
auxiliary verb to ask a question about
the subject of the sentence.
All we need is the question word – in
this case WHO
Who hates coffee?
Helen.
Who went to Madrid? Mark
BUT it is necessary to use an auxiliary verb when we ask a question
about the object
If the answer is
1. coffee
2. English
3. drive
4. London
5. Madrid
What is the
question?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What does Helen hate?
Coffee.
What nationality is Vicky? English.
What can Juan do? Drive.
Where is Jenny going?
London.
Where did Mark go? Madrid
Notice another rule? All the verbs are in
the infinitive and “do” became “does”
and “did”