Transcript Slide 1
An introduction to the moodle Essential skills for doctor –patient communication Oxford English for careers in a new , up-to –date course where you learn what you need to know for a career in medicine . Learn the English you need to do the job. Practice language in real work situations. Learn the right vocabulary for speaking to patients and colleagues . This course gives the language , information ,and skills you need to start your career. 1 Asking short and gentle questions , tenses in the presenting complaint 2 Asking short and gentle questions There are two types of questions ; 1. Yes \no questions 1. Wh-questions 3 Yes \no questions We use Yes \no questions when we only need a simple yes or no answer . - Do you feel any pain in your abdomen ? Yes \no - Does he eat good ? No , - Do you have a good appetite ? Do\Does + subject + infinitive 4 Other verbs ,such as be , have got, and modal verbs Don’t use the auxiliary do. Is the pain worse now? Present simple of have + got Can you feel your legs? Can +subject +infinitive We can also begin a yes/no question with Is it….? or Is there……? Is it difficult to raise your leg? Is there anyone we can contact for you? 5 Wh- questions We use questions beginning with a question word When we want someone to give us more information. Often, these come after a yes/no question. Question words include what, which, who,when,where, why, and how. The word how can be used in expressions Such as how long,how much, and how many, and is used With a number of adjectives and adverbs. 6 How far can you extend your arm? How well can you see? The question words what , which , how much and how many can be followed by a noun . -Which doctor did you speak to? - How much pain are you in? The word order after the question word is the same as for yes/no questions. Where does it hurt? 7 We also use What……like? when we ask someone to describe something. Not that we always use the verb be, and that like doesn’t change. What is the pain like? Not what does the pain like? Or what is the pain likes? After these expressions , we use the affirmative word order. Can you tell me where it hurts? Not Can you tell me where does it hurt? 8 With both yes/no questions and wh-questions we use The present simple or present continuous to talk about the present situation . However , we use the present Perfect or present Perfect continuous to talk about a situation that began in the past and which continuous up to the present . It’s important to remember that we don’t use the present simple or present continuous to express this . Yes/no question: Have you had these dizzy spells before? Have you been having difficulties with your breathing ? 9 Wh- question: How long have you had these dizzy spells before.? How long have you been having difficulties with your breathing ? Not Do you have these dizzy spells before.? Not How long are you having difficulties with your breathing ? 10 Tenses in the presenting complaint Note the different timescales represented by the following tenses: 1-Present Simple this tense is used to talk about: 1-something that is true at the moment of speaking . I’ve got chest pains. I feel better. 11 2-Present continuous This tense is used to talk about : 1-something that is happening at the moment of speaking . His blood pressure’s rising. I’m having difficulty breathing. 2-something that is happening around now ,through not necessarily at the moment of speaking. Are you taking any medication? I’m having chest pains ? 3-Something that has been arranged for a date in the Near future. I’m seeing a physiotherapist next Wednesday. 12 2- Something that is happening on a regular basis around now. - I get these headaches in the morning. 3- a process. - When I lean forward , the pain goes a way . - The pain starts in my chest and moves up to my shoulder. 13 3-Present perfect We use this tense to talk about a situation that begins in the past , and which either continuous up to the present or is related to the present in some away .it does not tell us how slowly or how quickly something has happened , only that this is the way the situation stands now. - My headaches have decreased. time Now 14 4-Present perfect continuous We use this tense in similar way to the Present Perfect but the Continuous form describes a progressive change in a situation up to now . - My headaches have been decreasing . time Now 15