Transcript Document
BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Building Critical Skills 2nd Canadian Edition Kitty O. Locker Stephen Kyo Kaczmarek Kathryn Braun ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Module 14 Editing for Grammar and Punctuation Skills to • • • • Use standard edited English Fix common grammatical errors Use punctuation correctly Mark errors as you proofread ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Module 14 Editing for Grammar and Punctuation Module Outline • • • • • • • What grammatical errors should I focus on? How can I fix sentence errors? When should I use commas? What punctuation should I use inside sentences? What do I use when I quote sources? How should I write numbers and dates? How do I mark errors I find when proofreading? ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Six Common Grammatical Errors • Subject-verb agreement • Noun-pronoun agreement • Pronoun case • Dangling modifiers • Misplaced modifiers • Predication errors ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Sentence Concerns • Learn to recognize: – Main/independent clauses – Subordinate/dependent clauses – Phrases ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Sentence Concerns (continued) • Know how to fix –Comma splices –Run-Ons –Sentence Fragments ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Comma Concerns • Know how to use commas –After introductory clauses –Around nonessential clauses –After the first clause in a compound sentence if the clauses are very long or if they have different subjects –To separate items in a series ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Comma Concerns (continued) • Do not use commas: – To separate essential information – To separate the subject from the verb – To join independent clauses without a conjunction. ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Common Punctuation Marks Period: We’re stopping. Semicolon: What comes next is another complete thought, closely related to what I just said. Colon: What comes next is an illustration, an example, or a qualification. Comma: What comes next is a slight turn, but we’re going in the same direction. ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Quoting Research Sources • Know when to use –“Quotation Marks.” –[Square Brackets.] –Ellipses . . . –Underlining and Italics. ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved. Numbers and Dates • Spell out numbers from one to nine. – Exceptions: Money & numbers in a series with at least one number 10 or greater. • Use numerals for 10 and greater. – Exception: Numbers at the beginning of sentences. • Use numbers for the day and year in dates. ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited. All rights reserved.