Transcript Possessive Adjectives & Stem Changing Verbs: O UE

Possessive Adjectives &
Stem Changing Verbs
Chapter 5 – Grammar 1
Slides 1-13
Possessive Adjectives
• My
• Your (informal)
• His, her, its, your
(formal), their
• Nuestro(a)/nuestros(as) • Our
(nosotros/as)
• Vuestro(a)/vuestros(as) • Your (informal)
(vosotros/as)
• Su/sus (ustedes &
• His, her, its, your
(formal), their
ellos, ellas)
• Mi/mis (yo)
• Tu/tus (tu)
• Su/sus (usted, él, ella)
Possessive Adjectives
• Some examples:
– Todos mis primos son atléticos.
All of my cousins are athletic.
– Mi amiga es muy inteligente.
My friend is very intelligent.
– ¿De dónde son tus amigos?
Where are your friends from?
– Nuestra familia es cómica, ¿nó?
Our family is funny, don’t you think?
Possessive Adjectives
• Possessive
adjectives show
ownership or
relationships
between people.
They are placed
before the noun.
Possessive Adjectives
• In English, possessive adjectives his,
her, and their show when something
belongs to a male, a female, or more
than 1 person.
• In Spanish, the possessive adjective
su has many possible meanings: his,
her, its, your, their. (The context
usually makes the meaning clear.)
Possessive Adjective
Agreement
• Possessive adjectives refer to the
owner BUT their form agrees in
gender & number with the noun that
comes after them.
• Example:
– Elena canta con sus hermanas.
Elena sings with her sisters.
Sus refers to Elena’s (her) sisters, but agrees
with the noun that comes after it (hermanas).
Possessive Adjective
Agreement
• Some more examples:
– Amalia juega con sus hermanos.
Amalia plays with her brothers.
– La señora Robles le canta a sus plantas.
Mrs. Robles sings to her plants.
Possessive Adjectives:
Additional Rules
• Su and sus can take the place of a phrase
with de + person.
Example:
– ¿De donde es el padre de Carlota?
Where is Carlota’s dad from?
– El padre de Carlota es de Lima.
To Answer: Use su instead of restating el
padre de Carlota.
– Su padre es de Lima.
Her dad is from Lima.
Stem Changing Verbs: O UE
• In Spanish, regular verbs have
regular stems and regular endings.
– Example:
Hablar
hablo, hablas, habla,
hablamos, hablaís, hablan
• Verbs with variations in their stems
are called stem-changing verbs.
Stem Changing Verbs: O UE
• Recall the verb jugar, the u changes
to ue.
• In the verb dormir, the o changes to
ue, in all forms except nosotros(as)
and vosotros(as).
Stem Changing Verbs: O UE
• Other verbs that follow this pattern
are almorzar, volver, llover.
• Examples:
–
–
–
–
Yo almuerzo al mediodía.
Ana vuelve el martes.
Marta y Carlos almuerzan en la escuela.
Nosotros volveremos el domingo. (No
stem change.)
Stem Changing Verbs: E IE
• Some verbs show a vowel stem change
from e to ie, such as: empezar,
merendar, entender, querer. The e
changes to ie in all but the nosotros(as)
and vosotros(as) forms.
Stem Changing Verbs: E IE
• Examples:
– Yo no entiendo inglés.
– Ellas entienden francés.
– La clase empieza a las tres de la tarde.
• You can also use empieza a followed by
an infinitive to say what you/others
start to do.
– Mi amiga empieza a trabajar a las siete.